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Paper 2 revision Geography - Coggle Diagram
Paper 2 revision Geography
Deserts
Less than 250mm of rainfall in a year for a desert
NO cactus in Sahara or Arabian desert
Vegetation in desert
Salt bush
Able
Frankincense tree
Short tree cycle
Deep tap roots
Reaches underground aquitus
Spikes- no leaves to reduce transpiration & water loss
Animals
Lotus
Camels
Nostrils they can close so it stops sand getting in
Thick fur to keep them warm at night
Stores fat in hump so can go longer without food and water
Scorpions
Death scorpion
Does not drink
Gets moisture from insect it eats
Has exoskeleton
It can slow down it metablims
Fennec fox
Big paws so it does not sink in the sand
Really big ears to cool it blood down
Small nose to stop moisture loss
Looses any body heat
Smallest fox in the world
Fur colour to provide a camouflage
Plant adaption
Tap roots
These are long roots around 7-10M long and they reach deep into the ground to access water supplies
Waxy layers
Some plants have thick, waxy layer to reduce water loss by transpiration
Small leaves
This ensures there is as little water loss as possible
Spines
Some plants have spines instead of leaves to reduce water loss and to prevent it from being eaten from other animals
Water storage
Some plants store water such as water in stems, leaves, roots , etc
No leaves
Reduces water loss during photoenisthies
Leaves with hair
These help shade the plant and reduces water loss and to reduce the surface area of the sunlight beaming on it
Causes on Desertification
Human examples
Definition
A process which turns a fertile, agriculture environment into desert
Physical examples
Unreliable rainfall
Happening in Sahels e.g Chad, Sengal
Loose all of the moisture
Less water=water stress
Soil erosion
HIgh pressure causes the air above to sink=Sinking dry air
Rainforest
Reasons for deforestation
To create an income
Mining
To build homes
Dam construction
Cattle breeding
Layers of the rainforests
Under canopy
The second to bottom layer in the rainforest
Main canopy
The second to top layer in the rainforest
Forest floor
Bottom layer in the rainforest where only 2% of sunlight reaches the ground
Emergent
Highest layer in the rainforest
Extra information
Nutrients cycling
This is foods that are used by plants and animals to grow
What is decomposers?
It breaks down plants and trees materials and returns it as nutrients back into the soil
Food chain
Main features in a food chain
Consumer
The thing that eats the plants and leaves off of a tree
Predator
The animal at the top of the food chain
Producers
Producers are plants/trees that only asrob water and sunlight
Prey
The animal that gets eaten by the top of the food chain
Biomass
Examples
A decomposer turning dead plant material and returning it back to soil as nutrients
A tree/plant soaking up water through it's roots
Drip leaves
When a leaf gets to wet,it makes water run off
Definition
Anything natural and organic happening