know how to use a variety of techniques such as modeling, prototyping, and computer-aided system engineering tools to plan, design, and implement information system

work with these tools in a team environment, where input from users, managers, and it staff contributes to system design

including data flow diagrams and entity relationship diagrams, and unified modeling language

tests system concepts and provide an opportunity to examine input, output and user interface before final decisions

technique that uses powerful software, called CASE tools, to help systems analysts develop and maintain information systems

programming environment - has its own programming environment

to simplify the integration of system components and reduce code development time

can make it easier to program interactive software products by providing built-in tools and advanced features

generating code - some commercial applications can generate editable program code directly from macros, keystroke, or mouse actions

to obtain an independent analysis, someone other the programmer who wrote program

consists of detailed procedures that specify how and when the testing will performed

testing two or more programs that depend on each other is called integration testing

output from validation program becomes input to master file update program

testing programs independently does not guarantee that the data passed between them is correct

during a system test, user enter data, including samples of actual, or live, data, perform queries, and produce reports to simulate actual operating conditions

all processing options and outputs are verified by users and the IT project development team to ensure that the system functions correctly

ensure that IT staff has the documentation and instructions needed to operate the system properly

managing system implementation involves application development, testing, documentation, training, data conversion, system changeover, and post-implementation evaluation of results

during system implementation, the system design specification server as blueprint for constructing new system

the initial task is application development, which requires system analysts and programmers to work together to construct the necessary programs

developed and tested programs individually, in groups, and as complete system

companies provide user support in many forms, including user training and a helpdesk to provide technical support and assistance

changing programs, procedures, or documentation to ensure correct system performance

adapting the system to changing requirements and making the system operate more efficiently

performance monitor that provides data on program execution times

program analyzer that scans source code, provides data element cross-reference information

interactive debugging analyzer that locates the source programming error

refers to protecting the system from theft, unauthorized access and changes, and accidental or accidental harm

system privacy deals with protecting people system from being accessed and used without the permission

system integrity is concerned with quality and reliability of raw as well as processed data in system

backup copies stored in secure remote place particularly necessary for disaster recovery

duplicate system run and all transactions mirrored if it is a very critical system

involves restoring the data and restarting the system after an interruption