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Chapter 7 - Economic + Social Developments (p2) - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 7 - Economic + Social Developments (p2)
Revolts of 1920-21
Tambov Revolt
Autumn 1920
- peasants in
Tambov
led by
Alexsandr Antonov
began rebellion against Comm. grain
req
+
Cheka
brutality
Jan. 1924
- Antonov had force of
50,000
anti-comm. fighters. + revolt spread throughout
Spring 1921
- by
March 1921
- was peasants attacks on gov. grain
stores
along
Volga river
Kronstadt Rising
Sailors at
Kronstadt
naval base, horrified by Comm. suppression of P. strikes + situation in
CS
, started a
rebellion
Sailors demanded series of
reforms
which would turn Russ. into a
soviet democracy
- demand summed up in slogan '
Soviets without Communists
'
They were previously dedicated
reds
and supported them through rev. - more than
15,000
but Trot. had to suppress them w/
RA
- had to do it quick as they could get to the
base
Political Impact
Lenin coupled economic reform w/ much
tighter political control
- at same time as NEP,
ban on factions
introduced in comm. party - members not allowed to form
independent
groups independent of Lenin's control
Lenin supported '
democratic centralism
' which meant other political parties were
banned
+ decisions made by Lenin and
Politburo
had to be supported by all communists
NEP Impact on Agriculture/Industry
Agriculture
Ending
grain req. was very
popular
w/ peasants
Free trade
encouraged peasants to
grow more
food - famine ended + farming
revived
compared w/
1921
Industry
NEP led to
industrial growth
- Lenin. authorised a major
electrification
campaign which
revived
industry that had effectively been destroyed
CW
- indus. recovery was very
slow
NEP
Scale of
Tambov revolt
(largest peasant rebellion since
18th century
) concerned senior comm. + Kronstadt rising was
propaganda
disaster as
sailors
were
loyal
to Comm.
Political crisis
affected comm. party as
internal divisions
emerging in it - new direction needed to ensure gov.
survival
NEP ended
war comm.
by making
mixed economy
: farming left to the
free market
- peasants could buy, sell + produce
freely
- grain req. ended + replaced by
tax
in kind
small factories
+
workshops
denationalised
+ allowed to trade
freely
- many reformed to former
capitalist
owners /
large factories
+ major industries still
nationalised
/ money
reintroduced