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Chapter 6 - The Civil War (p2) - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 6 - The Civil War (p2)
White Weaknesses
Whites got
support
from
Allies
- support dried up when
WW1
ended
as need for gov. to reopen
Eastern front
wasn't needed - Lenin able to use
Allied intervention
as
propaganda
for B. - Whites were '
puppets
' of Allies
White armies fought as
separate detachment
+
divided
amongst selves
(indep., Tsarists
etc.) - unlike B. they didn'
t united ideology
or a common
purpose
White armies
scattered geographically
- made
communication
hard and to make
concentrated attack
on Reds difficult - leaders of
Kolchak/Denekin
forces had to hold meeting in
Paris
White army suffered
desertions + lacked centralised leadership
to instil
discipline
in forces
Government + Control in Wartime
RA/Cheka
played
complementary
roles in supporting
regime
during rev.: RA defended
Communist areas
from attack by
opposition
outside Comm. areas / RA
attacked
opp. forces to get more
territory
/ Cheka enforced
discipline
inside RA - authorised to
shoot deserters
Lenin's main method to get victory was to
centralise
power - led to
victory
but
took power
from
workers/peasants/soldiers
that they claimed to represent
When war
ended
centralisation
continued
- Lenin argued revolutionary gov. still faced
threat
so it had to
continue
Allied Intervention in Civil War
France
made
base
around
Black Sea port of Odessa
/
Brit
. troops fought at
Archangel
+
Brit. warship
entered Russ. waters in
Baltic/black seas
/
Jap
. troops occupied Russ.
eastern port
of
Vladivostok
Czech, Finnish, Lithuanian
+
Romanian
troops
crossed
into Russ. /
US
troops occupied some of
Siberia
Red Strengths
RA
disciplined fighting force
-
1918
B. did
conscriptions
so by
1920
RA had
5 million
troops - Trot. introduced
ranks
+
military discipline
+ utilised experience of
Tsarist officers
Trot. leadership
crucial to success - travelled to
front lines
in
armoured train
+
ruthlessness/dedication
encouraged
troops
Reds presented
war
as
ideological conflict
- ensured
loyalty/commitment
to cause which they were
fighting
for
Reds controlled
industrial areas
+ hub of
railway station
- able to make more
materials
for war efforts +
transport
them
In war Reds stayed in control o
f Mosc./Petr
. - enabled them to draw on
heartland
of pop. to
supply men
to war effort
Bolsheviks + Communists
Mar. 1918
- B. changed name to
All-Union Communist Party
- party often called
Communist party
+ followers called
Communists
- Term '
Bolshevik
' died out