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BIOLOGICAL PROCESS - Coggle Diagram
BIOLOGICAL PROCESS
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Endogenous
formed by the solidification of magma.This means, the rocky material which is hot, liquid and is located in the deepest layers of the Earth and comes out to the exterior in a volcanic eruption.
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Exogenous
Originated by transport and degradation of materials that are dragged by water, ice or wind, or by the compression of animal and vegetal remains.
Continental drift
Wegener's theory was important because it revolutionized how the land we are on right now was formed. At first it was believed that the Earth originated from a melting mass. With the passage of time, it solidified and contracted, the light materials rose to the surface, while the heavier ones remained in the deeper parts.
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Geological processes
Geological processes are events that occur on a geological time scale ranging between millions of centuries.
He four major geological processes are impact cratering, volcanism, tectonics, and erosion. Earth has experienced many impacts, but most craters have been erased by other processes.
External geological agents : Passive ,Active, Wind , Water, Living beings
Geological internal agents: Earthquakes, Volcanoes.
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Lithogenesis: Formation of the new materials from the existing ones and of
others that incorporate from the interior.
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Tectonic plates
The tectonic plates fulfill the function of displacing the continents, since they are attached to the mentioned plates, and these move on the asthenosphere
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Plate motion creates three types of tectonic boundaries: convergent boundaries, where plates move closer to each other, divergent boundaries, where they move apart, and transforming boundaries, where plates move sideways relative to each other.
if the tectonic plates did not exist we would not have earthquakes or tidal waves the planet would not be in constant change
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These ones can be expelled to the surface in volcanic eruptions or turn into metamorphic rocks due to the exposition to high temperature and pressure.
The cycle of rocks starts with the consolidation of magma and the formation of magmatic rocks until the formation of sedimentary rocks.
Finally, metamorphic rocks can give place to igneous rocks or emerge to the surface to turn into debris, then into sedimentary rocks and so on until they complete or repeat the cycle
Fossil record
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Soft tissues quickly decompose leaving the hard bones or shells behind. Over time sediment builds over the top and hardens into rock.
Types of fossilization
Mummification: Preserve the rest that were buried in dry environments,
subject to high temperatures since dehydration prevents decomposition.
Conservation: Tar deposits are characterized for having substances that form an antiseptic
environment and prevent decomposition of the organism.
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Insect in amber: Insects in amber are preserved by carbonaceous compression,
which is characterized for keeping the external shape of the trapped remains.
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