Digestive System Sabrina Guzman P.6
Major Functions of the Digestive System
Ingests and digests food
absorbs released nutrients
excretes food components that are indigestible
Digestion is the breakdown of food into small molecule, which are then absorbed into the body
Six activities involved in this process are Ingestion, Motility, Mechanical digestion, Chemical digestion, Absorption, and Defecation
Major Organs of the Digestive Systems
It is a continues tube with two opening: The mouth to the anus.
It includes: Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.
Accessory Organs
Teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
Digestive Enzymes
Amylase - produced in the mouth.It helps break down large starch molecules into smaller sugar molecules
Pepsin - produced in the stomach
Trypsin - Produced in the pancreas
Pancreatic lipase - produced in the pancreas
Deoxyribonuclease and ribonuclease - produced in the pancreas
Locations of digestion and absorbtion of each macromolecule
Small Intestine
is an organ where most of the digestion and almost all of the absorption takes place.
Consists of three parts: Duodenum, jejunum, and ileum
Duodenum - is where the majority of the digestion occurs
Jejunum and Ileum - is where the absorption takes place.
Layers of the GI tract (including stomach)
The GI tract is divided into four layers
Mucosa - epithelium, lamina propria, and muscular mucosae The First Layer
Submucosa - the muscularis propria a9inner curcular layer)Second layer
Muscularis - The Third Layer is made of thick muscles
Subserosa - This layer contains supporting tissues for the Serosa
Serosa - This is the last and Outermost Layer
Disorders of the digestive system
Gastroesophageal Reflex Disease
Peptic Ulcer Disease
Stomach Flu
:luten Sensitivity and Celiac Disease
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Constipation
Hemorrhoids.
Diverticular Disease
Gallstones
Parts of Stomach:
Cardiac region, Fundus, Body, Pylorus, Pyloric antrum
