Digestive System Sabrina Guzman P.6

Major Functions of the Digestive System

Ingests and digests food

absorbs released nutrients

excretes food components that are indigestible

Digestion is the breakdown of food into small molecule, which are then absorbed into the body

Six activities involved in this process are Ingestion, Motility, Mechanical digestion, Chemical digestion, Absorption, and Defecation

Major Organs of the Digestive Systems

It is a continues tube with two opening: The mouth to the anus.
It includes: Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.

Accessory Organs

Teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas

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Digestive Enzymes

Amylase - produced in the mouth.It helps break down large starch molecules into smaller sugar molecules

Pepsin - produced in the stomach

Trypsin - Produced in the pancreas

Pancreatic lipase - produced in the pancreas

Deoxyribonuclease and ribonuclease - produced in the pancreas

Locations of digestion and absorbtion of each macromolecule

Small Intestine

is an organ where most of the digestion and almost all of the absorption takes place.

Consists of three parts: Duodenum, jejunum, and ileum

Duodenum - is where the majority of the digestion occurs

Jejunum and Ileum - is where the absorption takes place.

Layers of the GI tract (including stomach)

The GI tract is divided into four layers

Mucosa - epithelium, lamina propria, and muscular mucosae The First Layer

Submucosa - the muscularis propria a9inner curcular layer)Second layer

Muscularis - The Third Layer is made of thick muscles

Subserosa - This layer contains supporting tissues for the Serosa

Serosa - This is the last and Outermost Layer

Disorders of the digestive system

Gastroesophageal Reflex Disease

Peptic Ulcer Disease

Stomach Flu

:luten Sensitivity and Celiac Disease

Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Constipation

Hemorrhoids.

Diverticular Disease

Gallstones

Parts of Stomach:

Cardiac region, Fundus, Body, Pylorus, Pyloric antrum

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