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10 Ancient American Civilizations - Coggle Diagram

- - - - -GOVERNMENT:The 5000-year-old 626-hectare archaeological site of The Sacred City of Caral-Supe is situated on a dry desert terrace overlooking the green valley of the Supe river. It dates back to the Late Archaic Period of the Central Andes and is the oldest centre of civilization in the Americas.
        
        -RELIGION: It is believed that this civilization started by the merging of small villages based on trade of agricultural and fishing products. Its importance rests on the success of techniques of domestication of cotton, beans, potatoes, chilli, squash among other products. Success in agriculture was due to the development of water canals, reservoirs and terraces. They used guano, bird excrement, and anchovies as fertilizer.
        
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- - - - -GOVERNMENT:The Olmec had kings, built enormous pyramids, invented the Mesoamerican ballgame, domesticated beans, and developed the earliest writing in the Americas.
        
        -RELIGION:The Olmecs believed in many different gods, meaning that they were a polytheistic civilization. They were thought to have practiced shamanism, meaning that they attributed human characteristics to animals and regarded them highly as gods.
- - - - -GOVERNMENT:Each city-state was ruled by a king. The Maya believed that the king worked was given the right to rule by the gods. They believed that the king worked as an intermediary between the people and the gods. The leaders of the Maya were called the ¨halach uinic¨ or ¨ahaw¨, meaning ¨lord¨ or ¨ruler¨. There were also powerful councils of leaders who ran the government. They were chosen from the class of nobles. Lesser lords were called the ¨betab¨ and military leaders were called the ¨nacom¨.
        
        -RELIGION: Many gods, kings blood is scared, sacrificed animals and some humans
- - - - -GOVERNMENT:The Zapotec civilization (Beena's (Zapotec) "The People" c. 700 BC–1521 AD) was an indigenous pre-Columbian civilization that flourished in the Valley of Oaxaca in Mesoamerica.
        
        -RELIGION:The religion of the Zapotec is Roman Catholic, but belief in pagan spirits, rituals, and myths DAILY, to some extent intermingled with Christianity.
- - - - -GOVERNMENT:Our perception of the political organization of the Nasca people has vacillated over the past few decades. It was once thought that Nasca controlled a primitive state level society with a strong central government centered at the large site of Cahuachi.
        
        -RELIGION:The people of the Nazca culture were polytheistic and pantheistic, that is worshiped nature and the mountains, sea, sky, earth, fire, water, etc.
- - - - -GOVERNMENT:Under Tiwanaku rule, many towns and colonies were created. Tiwanaku was the capital of a powerful empire, which lasted for centuries.
        
        -RELIGION:What is known of Tiwanaku religious beliefs is based on archaeological interpretation and some myths, which may have been passed down to the Incas and the Spanish. They seem to have worshipped many gods.
- - - - -DAILY LIFE: The Wari culture belongs to the most important prehistoric cultures of Peru. It developed in the mountainous valley of Ayacucho in Central Peru on the basis of local traditions and the influences carried by the Tiwanaku culture that flourished in the altiplano of Bolivia.
        
        -GOVERNMENT:Today they live in villages built around seven Funai ("Fundação Nacional do Índio" - National Indian Foundation, governmental agency) Posts administered by the Guajará-Mirim Support Team in Rondônia, as well as within the Sagarana Indigenous Territory, at the confluence of the Mamoré and Guaporé rivers, administered by the Diocese of Guajará-Mirim.
        
        -RELIGION:Waris Ali Shah (1817–1905) was a Sufi saint from Dewa, Barabanki, India, and the founder of the Warsi Sufi order.
- - - - -GOVERNMENT:Below the Sapa Inca were several officers who helped to rule the empire. High ranking officials were often relatives of the emperor and were always part of the Inca class.
        
        -RELIGION: Many gods some human sacrifice
- - - - -GOVERNMENT:As the population grew, these societies required more complicated systems of government. In some locations these societies developed severely stratified social classes and a hierarchical political structure.
        
        -RELIGION:Mississippian religion was a distinctive Native American belief system in eastern North America that evolved out of an ancient, continuous tradition of sacred landscapes, shamanic institutions, world renewal ceremonies, and the ritual use of fire, ceremonial pipes, medicine bundles, sacred poles, and symbolic weaponry.
- - - - -GOVERNMENT: The Aztec government was similar to a monarchy where an Emperor or King was the primary ruler. They called their ruler the Huey Tlatoani. The Huey Tlatoani was the ultimate power in the land. They felt that he was appointed by the gods and had the divine right to rule. He decided when to go to war and what tribute the lands he ruled would pay the Aztecs.
        
        -RELIGION: Many gods, sun god most important, human sacrifice