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economic and social state of Russia before 1917 - chap 1 - Coggle Diagram
economic and social state of Russia before 1917 - chap 1
economy
mobilising the Russian economy for war proved difficult
to pay for the war the government increased taxes and raised huge loans from abroad and at home
the damage done to industrial and grain exports produced massive inflation
money was virtually worthless by 1917
prices rose much more steeply than wages - for example beginning on 1917, salt prices rose by 483% and wages only rose by 133%, meat rose by 232%
supplies of food in towns fell due to a shortage of workers in the fields because of conscription - peasants began to hoard food
Poland and other parts of western Russia were overrun by germans, removing important industrial capacity and at the same time naval blockades of the baltic and the Black Sea, together with the loss of overland routes to Europe brought Russian trade to a standstill
economy
railway system virtually collapsed
railways were taken over to transport men and goods to the front lines
railway locomotive productions halved between 1913 and 1916 and there were severe food shortages
huge cargos of grain were sent to the front lines at the expense of desperate townsfolk.
urban centres such as Petrograd and Moscow unemployment soared as non-military factories were forced to close
lock outs and strikes were a deliberate attempt foster industrial unrest
300% rise in the cost of living
jan 1917 - 30,000 workers went on strike in Moscow and 145,000 in Petrograd
discontent
1917 - loss of confidence in tsarist regime in all levels of society
outbursts of anger - with some leading to desertions in the army
strong political discontent