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Patients allergic to β-lactams, DRUGS AFFECTING KIDNEY AND RENAL FUNCTIONS…
Patients allergic to β-lactams
Erythrityl tetranitrate
Route of administration
Available as oral medication in a form of tables
Storage
It should be stored in a room temperature, away from place where children can reach Easley
Mechanism of action
It's converted to an active intermediate compound
Which activates enzymes guanylate cyclase
It tgen stimulate the synthesis of cyclic guanosine 3',5' monophosphate
Series of protein kinase is then activated
Indications
It's a vasodialetor used for engine pectoris
Also for severe chest pain
It's relaxes blood vessels and reduces tge work load of tge heart
Contra-indications
People with severe anemia
It should be not given with riociguat
Side effects
Flushing.
Low blood pressure
Dizziness.
Dizziness on standing.
Fast heart rate.
Headache
Hypersensitivity.
Isosorbide mononitrate
Indications :
Side effects
Headache
lightheadedness
nausea
dizziness
Contra-indications
Severe anemia
Those who has a history of heart attack.
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Brain hemorrhage
Hypotension
high pressure within the skull
Rout of administration
It's available as Oral medication
Storage
Store at a room temperature between 15c to 30c
Mechanism of action
It belongs to medicine called Nitrates
Which works as a relaxant fir blood vessels and increase supply of blood and oxygen to the heart
At tge same time it reduces the work load
When it used regularly it helpful in preventing engina attacks
GLYCERYL TRINITRATE
Route of administration
Available as Oral medication
Contra-indications
Patients with hypersensitivity to nitroglycerin
Patients with history of increased intracranial pressure
Patients with severe anemia
Right sided myocardial infarction
Mechanism of action
Then the active substance activates tge enzymes guanylate cyclase
It's converted by mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase to nitric oxide
Side effects
Headache
Redness of the skin
Dizziness
Weakness or fainting
Rapid heartbeat
Nausea and vomiting
Storage
Keep your Anginine tablets in a cool, dry and dark place where it stays below 25°C.
Indications
is a medication used for heart failure, high blood pressure, anal fissures, painful periods, and to treat and prevent chest pain
pentaerythritol tetranitrate
Route of administration
Available as Oral medication
Contra-indications
Mechanism of action
causing conformational change and activating the enzyme
Nitric oxide binds reversibly to the ferrous-heme center of sGC
which triggers NO-dependent signaling transduction involving soluble guanylate cyclase
Pentaerythritol tetranitrate releases free nitric oxide after the denitration reaction
This enzyme activation results in increased cellular concentrations of _cyclic guanosine monophosphate
Side effects
Dizziness
skin irritation
headache
redness of the skin
Indications
patients with cardiac failure
It manages the engina reducing the severity and attack
Storerage
Store in a cool and dry place
https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB06154
https://www-medindia-net.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.medindia.net/amp/doctors/drug_information/erythrityl_tetranitrate.htm?amp_js_v=a6&_gsa=1&usqp=mq331AQHKAFQArABIA%3D%3D#aoh=16208198121604&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&_tf=From%20%251%24s&share=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medindia.net%2Fdoctors%2Fdrug_information%2Ferythrityl_tetranitrate.htm
https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB01613
DRUGS AFFECTING KIDNEY AND RENAL FUNCTIONS
Diuretics
(Furosemide)
STORAGE
Protect from light
Protect from moisture
Store at controlled room temperature between 68 and 77 degrees C
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
Intramuscular
Intravenous
Orally
MECHANISM OF ACTION
inhibits sodium and chloride resorption by competing with chloride for the Na+/K+/2Cl- co-transporter in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle
INDICATIONS
renal disease
chronic lung disease
edema associated with congestive heart failure
nephrotic syndrome
pulmonary edema
hypertension
CONTRA-INDICATIONS
anuria
Pregnancy
hepatic encephalopathy
electrolyte imbalance
Acid/base imbalance
SIDE EFFECTS
polyuria
bladder spasm
diarrhea
oliguria
vomiting
anaphylactoid reactions
VANCOMYCIN
STORAGE
temperature at room temperature (25°C), refrigerator (4°C), or freezer (−20°C)
CONTRA-INDICATIONS
Patients allergic to β-lactams
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
It is available as Intravenous injection
MECHANISM OF ACTION
Inhibits cell wall synthesis by binding to the D-Ala-D-Ala terminal of the growing peptide chain during cell wall synthesis, resulting in inhibition of the transpeptidase, which prevents further elongation and cross-linking of the peptidoglycan matrix.
Inhibits cell wall synthesis by binding to the D-Ala-D-Ala terminal of the growing peptide chain
INDICATIONS
Endocarditis due to Strep, viridans or enterococci
Pseudomembranous enterocolitis due to Clostridium difficile (administered orally). NOTE: Metronidazole is currently recommended as a drug to be tried first for mild cases of C. difficile infection, but vancomycin is also effective in the absence of drug resistance (UpToDate, 2011).
Patients allergic to β-lactams
SIDE EFFECTS
Hypotension
Hypersensitivity
Ototoxicity
Nephrotoxicity
Vasodilators
Enalapril
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
Intravenous
Oral
INDICATIONS
hypertension
heart failure
proteinuria in pediatric patients
postmyocardial infarction
MECHANISM OF ACTION
causes arterial dilation, thereby lowering total peripheral vascular resistance.
increases cardiac output, cardiac index, stroke volume, and exercise tolerance
SIDE EFFECTS
dizziness
headache
blurred vision
xerostomia
angina
hypotension
confusion
confusion
STORAGE
Protect from moisture. Store at controlled room temperature between 20 and 25 degrees C
Protect from freezing
Refrigerate between 2 and 8 degrees C
CONTRA-INDICATIONS
hypersensitivity
ACE-inhibitor induced angioedema
exhibit hypotension
Neonates, pregnancy
NON - TEROID ANTI- INFLAMMATORY DRUGS
Ibuprofen
CONTRA-INDICATIONS
salicylate hypersensitivity or NSAID hypersensitivity
aspirin-sensitive asthma
peri-operative pain
MECHANISM OF ACTION
inhibits both cyclooxygenase (COX) isoenzymes, COX-1 and COX-2, by blocking arachidonate binding resulting in analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory pharmacologic effects
STORAGE
Avoid excessive heat (above 40 degrees C). Store between 20 to 25 degrees C
Do not freeze
ROUT OF ADMINISTRATION
Intravenous
Orally
SIDE EFFECTS
Common side effects are
nausea,
vomiting,
diarrhea,
constipation,
decreased appetite,
rash,
dizziness,
INDICATIONS
rheumatoid arthritis
juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
dysmenorrhea
severe pain
osteoarthritis
Reference
https://tmedweb.tulane.edu/pharmwiki/doku.php/vancomycin
https://www.pdr.net/drug-summary/Ibuprofen-Tablets-ibuprofen-2618.3945
https://www.pdr.net/drug-summary/Furosemide-Oral-Solution-and-Tablets-furosemide-3283.8405
https://www.pdr.net/drug-summary/Epaned-enalapril-3307