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Past Perfect Simple - Coggle Diagram

- - - - The past perfect expresses the idea that something occurred before another action in the past
        
        I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Kauai.
      - It can also show that something happened before a specific time in the past.
        
        Tony knew Istanbul so well because he had visited the city several times.
  - - - with non-continuous verbs and some non-continuous uses of mixed verbs, we use the past perfect to show that something started in the past and continued up until another action in the past
      - We had had that car for ten years before it broke down.
      - They felt bad about selling the house
        because they had owned it
        for more than forty years.
  - - - She had visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved in with them in 1996.