Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Effects of Institutionalisation Rutter: English…
Effects of Institutionalisation
Rutter: English and Romanian adoptee study
Findings:
IQ levels decreased when the orphan was adopted later in childhood
less than 6months, IQ = 102
between 6-12months, IQ = 86
after 24months, IQ = 77
Of those adopted after 6 months, 26% displayed disinhibited attachment
Proportions much lower in UK adoptees and those adopted earlier
Evaluation:
S - Internal validity is high in Rutter's study
Rutter was certain the type of care they received directly impacted their development (born into the institution, don't have past trauma (confounding variable))
S - There are practical applications
Led to improvements on the way infants are cared for in orphanages
W - The long term effects of institutionalisation are not clear
Children may catch up developmentally/ put the past behind them or some who seem unscathed could have emotional issues as an adult
W - Children were not randomly allocated into groups
May have been confounding variables ( appearance/personality could determine who was adopted first)
Unethical to randomly allocate children into late/early adoption groups
Zenah (2005):
Assessed attachment in childhood from an orphanage vs control
74% of control = secure (type B)
44% of orphans = disinhibited attachment type
65% were disorganised (type D)
Procedure:
165 Romanian orphans (experimental group)
UK born adoptees (control group)
Assessed at ages 4,6,11,15 years old
Longitudinal and naturalistic study
Entered orphanage at 1-2 weeks old (malnourished at adoption)