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Digestive System - Coggle Diagram
Digestive System
Digestive System: Digestion (breakdown) and absorption of food for metabolism and growth/repair of tissue
Ingestion:
- eating, taking in food into mouth
The Mouth:
- the 1st portion of the alimentary canal
- to receive food and begins mechanical digestion by mastification, chemical digestion also occurs ( enzymes in saliva)
Mechanical Digestion:
- physical breaking of large food pieces into small pieces
- does not alter chemical composition
Chemical Digestion:
- breaks food into simpler chemicals that can be absorbed by cells
- works with the help of enzymes
Digestion:
- physical (teeth) and chemical (enzymes) breakdown nutrients
Motility/ Propulision:
- mixing and movement of food by muscles
Elimination/ Defiction:
- taking nutrients into the body to be passed into blood or lymph
Secretion:
- realease of mucus, acid, bile, and enzymes to aid digestion
Alimentary Canal (GI Tract):
- long irregular shaped tube open at end approximately 30 ft
- mouth, pharynx, esphagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine
- wall of GI Tract: mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa
Accessory Organs:
- Teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
Mucosa:
- produces mucus for redusction of friction and protection
Submucosa:
- areolar connective tissue containing major blood vessels
- many elastic fibers to retain shape
Muscularis Layer:
- muscle layer
- 2 layers of smooth muscles to allow peristalsis and segmentation
Serosa:
- outer covering of the GI Tract
- composed of thin layer of areolar connective tissue and simple squamous epithelium
Pharynx:
- Part of digestive and respiratory system
- muscular tube that helps us swallow food
Esophagus:
- muscular tube leading to stomach
Stomach:
- Mixes and churns food with gastric juices to form chyme
Small Intestine:
- Mixes and churns food with gastric juices to form chyme
- Propels food at a rate slow enough for digestion and absorption
- Absorbs breakdown products of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, along with vitamins, minerals, and water
Liver:
- produces bile salts, which emulsify lipids, aiding their digestion and absorption
Gallbladder:
- stores, concentrates, and releases bile
Pancreas:
- produces digestive enzymes and bicarbonate
Large Intestine:
- Further breaks down food residues
- Absorbs most residual water, electrolytes, and vitamins produced by enteric bacteria
- Propels feces toward rectum
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