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Digestive & Urinary System Isabelle Blanco P.5 - Coggle Diagram
Digestive & Urinary System Isabelle Blanco P.5
Major functions of digestive system
the six major activities of the digestive system are ingestion, propulsion, mechanical breakdown, chemical digestion, absorption, and elimination
organs that make up the digestive system are the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus; helping them along the way are the pancreas, gall bladder and liver
beneficial parts of your food are absorbed, giving you energy and nutrients by gall bladder
Major organs of the urinary systems
include the kidneys, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder and urethra
the ureters carry the urine away from kidneys to the urinary bladder
urethra is a tubular structure that carries the urine from the urinary bladder to the outside
Major functions of the urinary system
functions
remove waste products from the human body
balance the bodily fluids
balance electrolytes
release hormones to control blood pressure and releases red blood cell production
overall function of the urinary system is to filter blood and create urine as a waste by-product
urinary system include the kidneys, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder and urethra
Major organs of the digestive system
organs that make up the digestive system are the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus
along the way are the pancreas, gall bladder and liver to help with absorbing nutrients from your food
the greatest absorption of chemicals and nutrients, takes place in the small intestine, the most important organ in the digestive system
Digestive enzymes (including names and functions)
Amylase: produced in the mouth. It helps break down large starch molecules into smaller sugar molecules
Pepsin: produced in the stomach
Trypsin: found in the small intestine, breaks proteins down into amino acids
Maltase: found in saliva; breaks the sugar maltose into glucose
Location of digestion and absorption of each macromolecule
small intestine is where of most chemical digestion and almost all absorption
chemical digestion breaks large food molecules down into their chemical building blocks
digestive enzymes are enzymes that break down polymeric macromolecules into their smaller building blocks
Layers of the GI tract
All segments of the GI tract are divided into four layers:
the mucosa (epithelium, lamina propria, and muscular mucosae)
the submucosa, the muscularis propria (inner circular muscle layer)
intermuscular space, and outer longitudinal muscle layer)
the serosa
Nephron anatomy and physiology
nephron:functional unit of the kidney
the structure that produces urine in the process of removing waste and extra substances from the blood
the glomerulus in the nephron is where fluid and solutes are filtered out of the blood to form glomerular filtrate
each nephron is composed of a renal corpuscle, different tubules (proximal, intermediate, distal convoluted, connecting, & cortical) outer & inner medullary collecting ducts
Disorders of the digestive & urinary systems
Digestive System
celiac disease: disease in which people can't eat gluten because it will damage their small intestine
polyps: abnormal tissue growths that most often look like small, flat bumps or tiny mushroomlike stalks
ulcerative: an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes inflammation and ulcers (sores) in your digestive tract
Urinary System
Bladder Cancer: most common symptom is blood in the urine
Bladder Diseases: Overactive bladder - a condition in which the bladder squeezes urine out at the wrong time
Kidney failure: condition in which the kidneys lose the ability to remove waste and balance fluids