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Mass Incarceration - Coggle Diagram
Mass Incarceration
Causes
Vagrancy Laws rooted in Black Codes;these laws forced former enslaved people into an exploitative labor system that resembled the plantation system in all but name (Hinton 2).
The 13th amendment outlaws slavery “except as punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted”(US Const. amendment XIII) Its definition of freedom, moot, created a loophole that was immediately exploited.
The three strikes law, coupled with mandatory minimum sentencing, mean that more people are going to prison for longer amounts of time (Hinton 3).
Location-based proactive policing, such as hot-spot policing (Hinton 5).
Effects
Hot spot policing lead to over-policing predominately Black and latinx neighborhoods; more people are being arrested for low-level crimes like public drunkeness, loitering, or littering (Hinton 5).
Mandatory minimum sentencing creates an unwarranted racial disparity, and overcrowds the prison system. They take discretion from judges and give it to prosecutors, who have a tendency to use length as a measure for success, rather than rehabilitation and community (ACLU).
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Communities of color are disproportionately affected by extreme poverty and its connections to crime (ACLU).
Contemporary News
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Effect: Nearly 20 Million Americans Have a Felony record. What Happens After They’ve Served Their Time?
Solutions
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The Abolition Amendment, as proposed by Eric Foner.
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