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RUSSIAN REVOLUTION AND USSR - Coggle Diagram
RUSSIAN REVOLUTION AND USSR
RUSSIAN EMPIRE
CHARACTERISITCS
Autocratic government
Tsar Nicholas II (Romanov Dynasty)
unlimited power and authority
Civil rights not recognised
Political parties repressed
they had to meet in secret or emigrate to other countries
Semi-feudal economy
agricultural land owned by wealthy minority and worked by peasant majority
Three-quarters of population were peasants
lived in poverty conditions
paid high taxes
hard working conditions
CAUSES
Russo-Japanese War
Control of Manchurria
Russia was defeated
new taxes were imposed in order to pay the conflict
Appearance of political parties
Despite they were fobidden, various were created and opposites against the Tsar
Constitutional Democratic Party
liberal party
wanted to establish Parliamentary Monarchy
supported by Middle Class
led by Miliukov
Social Revolutionary Party
led by Kerenski
supported interests of peasants
Russian Social Labour Democratic Party
Marxist ideas
supported by workers of industrial cities
Mensheviks
led by Martov
liberal regime to transition to socialism
Bolsheviks
led by Lenin
more radiical
wanted to establish Proletariat Dictatorship
1917 REVOLUTIONS
FEBRUARY REVOLUTION
liberal-bourgeoisie revolution
revolution of workers supported by soldiers and peasants
protested about
disasters of the war
shortage of food
demanded
Russian withdrawal from the war
Tsar Nicholas II
forced to abdicate
provisional government
liberals and Mensheviks
led by Kerenski
new gobernment
proclaimed Russia as a republic
legalised political parties
established universal male suffrage
objective of creating a constitution
government failed because they didn't distribute lands and withdraw from the war
OCTOBER REVOLUTION
Bolsheviks organised into soviets
led by Lenin and Trotsky
attacked Winter Palace
new proletarian government
Lenin
People's Commissar
Stalin
People's Commissar of Nationalities
Trotsky
People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs and Head of the Army
actions of Lenin's government
Sign Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Russia withdraw the war
expropiate land and redistribute it
give the control of industries to workers comitees
Changed name to Communist Party
only legal party
found Third Internacional
to coordinate all communist parties in the world
executed it opponents as Romanov family
CIVIL WAR
January 1918
BETWEEN
tsars, liberals and Mensheviks
White Army
Bolsheviks
Red Army
White Army supported by Allied powers
White Army was defeated
CREATION USSR
PROLETARIAT DICTATORSHIP
political power held by soviets
make laws and choose people held executive power
Communist Party of the Soviet Union
the only political power
Capital fixed in Moscow
USSR
federal estate
STALINISM
when Lenin died was succeeded by Stalin
fought wit Trotsky to get the government
TOTALITARIAN REGIME
total centralisation of the state
Russians suffered ideological manipulation
enemies of Stalin were purged
economy was planned and controlled y the state
provate property completely forbidden
state lead the wealth
USSR plans made it important
economic and military power