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CIRCULATORY - Coggle Diagram
CIRCULATORY
Immune System
The immune system recognizes all substances that try to enter the body, separates them and destroys those they see harmful. It has such a sensitive function that it can distinguish even substances that are very similar in structure, such as protein and amino acids.
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Subsequent Immunity
It is the immunity that people have acquired in various ways after birth. It develops with the passing of a disease or it develops with the vaccine and serum given to the body from the outside and is passed on with an adequate balanced diet.
It is of two types, active and passive immunity.
Active Immunity:
It is the body's immunity to these microbes after the disease-causing microbe enters the body. Active immunity is achieved through illness or immunization without illness. Active immunity enables people to become resistant to diseases for a long time.
Passive Immunity:
Besides active immunity, people can also get rid of disease microbes through medication or serum. Serum; It is a fluid that helps us fight germs when we get sick and supports our immunity.
Immune System Diseases
Psoriasis, is a skin disorder that causes skin cells to proliferate several times faster than normal. During psoriasis, also known as psoriasis, bumpy red spots covered with white scales begin to appear on the skin.
Multiple Sclerosis The immune system recognizes its own cells while protecting the body against the outside. However, when the system is disrupted for unknown reasons, the immune system attacks its own cells, especially the cells in the brain and spinal cord that provide nerve transmission.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is a rheumatic disease that involves many organs in the body. It is popularly known as butterfly disease as it is characterized by a butterfly-like red rash on the face.
Addison's Disease is a rare disease that occurs when the human body does not produce enough of certain hormones. In the process of Addison's disease, also known as adrenal insufficiency, the adrenal glands located just above the kidneys of the individual produce cortisol and aldosterone hormones below the values they should be.
Graves Disease It is an immune system disease that causes excessive production of thyroid hormone thyroxine and leads to hyperthyroidism. In Graves' disease, the body reacts on its own and excessive thyroid hormone is secreted. For this reason, the metabolism accelerates, the pulse increases, the patient becomes unable to gain weight.
BLOOD CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
The pulmonary circulation, or small circulation, carries blood between the heart and lungs; the systemic circulation, the great circulation, also carries blood between the heart and other parts of the body.
Small Blood Circulation
It is the part of the circulatory system that carries oxygen-deficient blood from the heart to the lungs and from there the oxygenated blood to the back heart.
Small blood circulation starts in the right ventricle, dirty blood from the right ventricle goes to the pulmonary artery. Dirty blood in the pulmonary artery goes to the lungs. It is cleared in the lungs and goes to the lung veins. The clean blood from the main vein of the lung goes to the left atrium and the event occurs.
The opposite is the systemic circulation, which is the other major part of the circulation, in which oxygenated blood is transported from the heart to different parts of the body, from which the oxygen-deprived blood is transported back to the heart.
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Big Blood Cirulation
It is the great blood circulation where the blood that is cleaned in the lung and filled with oxygen is distributed throughout the body and the blood that is contaminated in the body is brought to the heart.
First stage: There is clean blood with plenty of oxygen in the left ventricle in the heart. Clean blood is distributed throughout the body from this area.
Second stage: It is the aorta, which is the main artery in the heart that has spread throughout the body. The aorta is responsible for distributing blood to both the lower and upper organs.
Third stage: With one of the capillaries in the body, blood reaches all organs and all tissues. Reading the blood circulation in the capillaries. With the increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the cycle in the body, the blood in the capillaries becomes contaminated.
Fourth stage: The dirty blood that occurs in the veins in the whole body reappears over and over again to the heart.
Fifth stage: The great blood circulation is completed when the dirty blood collected from the body through the veins reaches the right atrium of the heart.
What is the Circulatory System?
The systems that carry the nutrients and oxygen required for the smallest building units that make up living things and carry out the task of transporting the ammonia and carbon dioxide released in these small building units to the excretory organs are called the circulatory system.
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Lymph System
About 2 liters of lymph are produced in the body per day. This light yellow liquid is formed by the passage of blood plasma through the blood capillaries into the tissue. It carries nutrients, oxygen to be taken to cells, certain immune cells, lymphocytes.
Passing through the lymph tissue spaces, it collects metabolism residues (residual substances and carbon monoxide) from the tissues. As a result, it enters the bloodstream through lymph vessels connected with the circulatory system near the heart. It is also ensured that the nutritional oils absorbed from the intestine through the lymph fluid are mixed into the blood.
What is the Lymph Gland?
Similar to the bloodstream, the human body has the lymphatic system, another circulatory network responsible for the transport of fatty substances and the body's defenses.
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Lymph vessels
Similar to blood vessels, lymph vessels are found throughout the body. They provide drainage in the body; They transport tissue and lymph fluid containing various substances and cells.