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16 Motivation - Coggle Diagram
16 Motivation
Theories of motivation
Equity theory J. Stacy Adams
constat contact with other people and
they compare with each other
experience a positive imbalance-active steps to regain balance
Expectancy theory V.H.Vrom
formula to measure motivation
A) Expectancy (effort-> performance)
effort will result in achieving of desired performance goals
B) Instrumentality (performance-> outcome)
meeting the expected performance,
receive the desired reward
C) Valence
the value an individual places on the reward
Motivation-Hygiene theory F. Herzberg
Motivators
lead to satisfaction, but their absence
does not cause dissatisfaction
achievement, recognition,
responsibility, advance, growth
Hygiene factors
do not cause satisfaction, but their
absence can lead to dissatisfaction
supervision, company policy, salary,
personal life,relationship, status, security
theory X and Y D. McGregor
theory X
passive beings, hate the work,
have to be controled, avoid to responsibility
theory Y
active being, liko the work, favour responsibility,
welcome creativity
determine the behaviour of managers towards their subordinates
Hierarchy of needs theory A. Maslow
social needs - relationships
esteem
internal - self-respect, autonomy
external - status, attention
safety
self- actualization
psysiological
motivation-definition
Definition
It is the inner drive that directs a person´s behaviour toward goals.
motivation process
begins with a need an individual´s perception of a deficiency.
Instrinsic (inner) motivation
engage in an activity like hobby, without obvious external incentives
Extrinsic (outer) motivation
comes from outside of the performer
stimulation - (money, coercion, threat of punishment)
Importence of motivation
when a person is motivated to do an activity with more effort into the task
better performance
factors that cause a lack of motivation
i. lack of appreciation
ii. low satisfaction
iii. low employee involvement
iv. misunderstood/ unrealistic expectations
v. lack of self-confidence
vii. lack of attention to employee´s needs
viii. workload level
ix. conflict
x. personal problems
Motivation in the workplace
stimulation
the power - incentives
effective to do ...match the emplo. need and goals
Reward
tangible re. (material)
financial
spent time on the job
other criteria: responsibility, performance,..
non-financial
enrich emplo. live
company cars, laptops, sport and cultural
allowances, disability insurance
intangible re. (non-material)
imroving motivation level
appreciate and cared for
low cost, help it
public praise, promotion, positive evaluation,
special lunch encouragement to purse own ideas