Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Equine respiratory disease, second most common disorder that limits…
Equine respiratory disease
Signalment
young animals congenital disorders
choanal atresia, sub epiglottic cysts, hypoplastic lungs or expression of upper airway disorders associated with hyperkalaemic periodic paralysis
acquired disorders e.g. infection with Rhodococcus equip or S. equip subs. zooepidemicus are generally evident at 2-3 months old
performance associated disorders e.g. epistaxis with short burst breezing/barrel racing may increase suspicion of exercise induced pulmonary haemorrhage
poor indoor housing during adverse weather conditions and development of cough
allergic airway inflammation
Diagnostics
endoscopy, USS, radiograph, respiratory secretion evaluation using transtracheal aspiration or BAL or CT/MRI
Classification of equine respiratory disease
upper
nasal discharge, fever, lethargy, lymphadenopathy, cough
infectious/contagious
bacterial (S. equi), viral (EIV, EHV1/4, EHV2, EVA, AdVA/B
no other signs
non-contagious
arytenoid chondritis
typhoid pharyngeal hyperplasia
neoplasia
guttural pouch mycosis
lower
cough +/- increase in respiratory effort, fever, lethargy, nasal discharge + history
yes
infectious
Bacterial bronchopneumonia/pleuropneumonia, parasitic pneumonitis, EMPF/EHV5
no, exercise impairment
inflammatory
inflammatory airway disease, recurrent airway obstruction, other (parasitic, MEED/IEPz)
no other signs
EIPH, neoplasia (primary or metastatic)
PE
nostril flare, abdominal push or alteration from normal respiratory parameters
normal respiratory rate 8-12 breaths per minute
anxiety, pain, acidosis, hyperthermia and stress are more common reasons for increased RR
anxious facial expression, extended head and neck
inspiratory noise is characteristic of upper respiratory tract obstruction
stridor (high pitched respiratory noise), roar or snore
diseases characterised by inspiratory stridor include...
bilateral laryngeal paralysis
marked pharyngeal or retropharyngeal mass
lymphadenopathy/abscess
arytenoid chondritis
pharyngeal collapse as observed in cases of Quarter Horses with HYPP
maxillary sinusitis may present with unilateral discharge, facial deformity +/- epiphora
roaring occurs when exercising horses suffering from left laryngeal hemiplegia make a low pitched noise
unilateral nasal passage obstructions lead to development of snoring noise
asymmetric airflow through nostrils and develop low pitched noice that orignates from obstruction in nasal passages
exercise-associated low pitched fluttering sound can be heard with dorsal displacement of soft palate
may be associated with exercise intolerance, particularly in horses like thoroughbreds that work at high speed
crackles
second most common disorder that limits performance in horses (ranked behind MSK dz)