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1.3 Position of women 1917-1980, rosie-riveter-day-960x700, jo-biceps,…
1.3 Position of women 1917-1980
Impact of Second World War ON WOMEN.
Women were seen as capable of doing jobs that men otherwise did. The image of rose the riveter was viewed "you can do it to" which empowered women.
The 1940 Selective training act prepared to draft men into the military and trained women to fill their places.
Only 16% of women worked in 1940 because of childcare .The 1941 Lanhams act was extended until 1944 and 130,000 children were in care. The % of married women in the workforce rose from 15% to 23%.
Women's land army of America was reformed to provide farm workers countrywide. It held workshops and meetings and had its own publication.
The Labour Beareau gave an estimate that 3 million women were working in agriculture in 1943. However, in exact due to illegal workers.
Worker shortages meant that black women could train in professions they had previously not been welcome in.
Eg black women in nursing courses rose from 1,108 in 1939 to 2,600 in 1945.
However, in some areas employers refused to employ black women suggesting that they spread sexual diseases.
POST Second World War CHANGES FOR WOMEN.
After the Second World War women were not re-employed by the factories they worked in as men took their jobs.
About Half the married women who worked during the war left. After a dip in female employment it rose again particularly for the 45-54 age category.
% of married women in this age group rose from 10.1% in 1940 to 22.2% in 1950
-The SWW changed attitudes: in 1936, 82% of people thought married women should not work.
-In 1938 it was 78%
-In 1942 it was 13%.
However, whilst more women worked after the war they were paid less than men.
Their work remained mostly clerical, domestic or shop work.
A small proportion of women moved from clerical work to advertising but they were faced with hostility.
