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COORDINATION - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Incoordination associated with spasticity of the muscles.
        
        Incoordination resulting from cerebellar lesions.
        Hypertonicity of muscles,
        easily fatigued,
        inadequate fixator action.
        Movement is irregular and swaying.
        
        Incoordination resulting from
        loss of kinesthetic sensation.
        Eg. Tabes dorsalis
    - - Was developed by Dr. H.S Frenkle
        
        Medical superintend of the Sanatorium ‘Freihof’ in Switzerland towards the end of the last century.
        
        He made a special study of tabes dorsalis and device a method of treating the ataxia, which is a prominent symptom of the disease, by means of systemic and graduated exercises.
        
        Since then, his methods have been used to treat the incoordination which results from many other diseases,
        eg disseminated sclerosis.
        
        He aimed at establishing voluntary control of movement by the use of any part of the sensory mechanism which remained intact, notably sight, sound and touch to compensate for the loss of kinesthetic sensation.
      - Principles
        
        Concentration of the attention
        
        Precision
        
        Repetition
        
        Technique
        
        • The patient is positioned and suitably clothed so that he can see the limbs throughout the exercise.
        
        • A concise explanation and demonstration of the exercise is given before the movement is attempted,
        to give the patient a clear mental picture of it.
        
        • The patient must give his full attention to the performance of the exercise to make the movement smooth and accurate.
        
        • The speed of movement is dictated by the physiotherapist by means of rhythmic counting, movement of her hand, or use of a suitable music.
        
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        Progression
        
        • Progression is made by
        altering the speed, range and complexity
        of the exercise.
        
        • Quick movements require less control.
        Alternation in the speed of consecutive movements, and interruptions which involve stopping and starting to command, are introduced.
        
        • Initially a wide range of primitive movements are used emphasizing on large joints then progressing to smaller joints, limitations in range and frequent alteration in direction.
        
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        The technique progresses in complexity by
        
        Increasing the speed of contraction
        
        Increasing the complexity where more muses get involved.
        
        Increasing the range of movement during the activity.
        
        Removing the sensory feedback that is given.
        The rate of performance should be slowed with each new addition to a pattern.
        Fatigue may occur during attempts for precision and may decrease the concentration of the patient. The patient should therefore have a short rest after two or three repetitions.
        
        own notes