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Soto, Lizbeth DigestUrinary - Coggle Diagram
Soto, Lizbeth DigestUrinary
Major functions of the digestive system
Take food
Break down food
absorb the molecules in bloodstream
gets rid of indigestive remains
Major functions of the urinary system
Regulates the total H2O volume
Regulate ion concentration is extracellular fluid
Regulate body fluids
Major organs of the digestive system
Stomach stores food temporarily break down food and digest
Small intestine breaks down food and absorbs nutrients from food.
Large intestine absorbs water and salts by materials that haven’t digested as foods
Esophagus is a hollow tube that leads from pharynx to stomach
Liver regulates chemical levels in blood and excretes bile.
Pancreas converts the food we eat into fuel for body cells.
Mouth helps break down food by chewing and swallowing
Gallbladder collects the bile that is produced by the liver
Rectum receives waste to be able to release later
Pharynx is a passageway that extends from skull to sixth cervical vertebra.
Salivary glands make saliva which are emptied by ducts inside mouth.
Major organs of the urinary systems
Urethra
Transports urine out of body
Ureter
Transports urine from kidney to urinary bladder
Kidneys regulates water volume that balances acid-base and excrete wastes, toxins and drugs
Urinary Bladder is a temporary storage for the urine
Renal Pelvis is a funnel tube continuous to the ureter
Renal medulla is the deep cortex that is cone shaped medullary pyramids
Renal cortex has a granular appearing in superficial region
Digestive enzymes (including names and functions)
Amylase
Breaks down carbohydrate into sugar
Lipase
Produced in the pancreas to secrete glucose and break down fats/oils into fatty acids
Protease
Breaks down protein into animo acids
Location of digestion and absorption of each macromolecule
Carbohydrate digestion absorption
chewing is mechanical action in the mouth
Chemical action of salivary amylase
Carbohydrates aren't broken down in stomach. They are broken down in small intestine
Protein digestion absorption
Occurs in the stomach
3 enzymes
pepsin is secreted in stomach
trypsin secreted by the pancreas
Polypeptides are broken down food proteins
Fat digestion absorption
starts in mouth and lipids are broken down
In the small intestine the fat stimulates lipase from pancreas
Bile from liver enables breakdown of fats into fatty acids
Nucleic acid digestion absorption
Occurs in small intestine
Help enzymes produced by small intestine and enzymes in the pancreas
Layers of the GI tract (including stomach)
Continuous muscle tube that connects to mouth all the way to anus
Breaks down food into smaller pieces
Absorbs nutrients through the lining into bloodstream
Stomach secrete acid so food can digest to small intestine
Nephron anatomy and physiology
Renal corpuscle
Glomerulus are tuft of capillaries of endothelium
filtrate formation
Glomerular capsule are cup shaped epithelial podocytes
Renal Tubule
Proximal convolutes tubule are cuboidal cells that have brush border
Increases surface area and has large mitochondria
Nephron loop
Descending limb has distal portions that have squamous epithelium
Proximal part continuous with proximal tubule
Distal convoluted tubule
Are cuboidal cells with few microvilli that function in secretion
Confined in cortex
Disorders of the digestive system
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Stomach Flu
Peptic Ulcer Disease
Crohn disease
urinary systems
Kidney Stones
Bladder cancer
Urinalysis
Overactive bladder
Bladder disease