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Digestive system - Alexys Yanez P.2 - Coggle Diagram
Digestive system - Alexys Yanez P.2
Major functions of the digestive system
Digestion
Food is digested and the ingested nutrients are shortened into small enough pieces that will allow them to be passed through the gut and enter the blood's stream
Motility
Peristalsis
When food moves through the digestive tract ; Muscle movement in the GI tract that transports food through the digestive system
Adsorption
The digested nutrients needed pass from the gut and into the blood stream
Either the circulatory system or the lymph system will pass them onto the remainder of the body
Secretion
The release of enzymes , hormones, etc
Helps the body digest all food that was eaten
Major organs of the digestive system
Mouth
Allows movement to bite, chew, and digest
Stomach
Helps digestion
4 Components : Enzyme and acid secretion
Gastrointestinal motility
Reservior
Small Intestine
An organ in the gastrointestinal tract
Absorption of nutrients and minerals from food takes place
Anus
The end of the GI (Gastrointestinal tract)
Large Intestine
The last part of the gastrointestinal tract and of the digestive system
Water is absorbed and the remaining waste material is stored
Esophagus
Muscular tube that allows for digestion to occur by providing passageway for solids, liquids, and saliva to get to the stomach
Liver
Excretion of : Bilirubin
Cholesterol
Hormones
Drugs
Storage of : Glycogen
Vitimins
Minerals
Production and secretion of Bile
Enzyme activation
Pancreas
Pancreatic juices are secreted ( enzymes) and are acids when in the digestive system
Gallbladder
Stores bile( produced by the liver)
Digestive enzymes
Amylase
Breaks down large starch molecules into smaller chunks of sugar molecules
Produced in the mouth
Pepsin
Helps Break down proteins
Helps form amino acids
Produced in the stomach
Trypsin
Breaks down proteins
Produced in the mouth
Pancreatic lipase
Breaks fats apart
Produced in the pancreas
Location of digestion and absorption
Carbohydrates
A digestive enzyme that is found the pancreas
breaks down fats
Lipids
Signals and acts as structural components of cell membranes
Stores energy
Proteins
Produced by the liver
Sent to the bloodstream by the liver
Nucleic acids
To store and express genetic information
Found in the nucleus
Layers of the GI tract
Mucosa
Innermost layer
Participates in absorption and secretion
Submucosa
CT layer that supports mucosa
Muscularis Propria
Smooth muscle
Used for peristalisis
Serosa
Secretes a lubricating fluid
Reduces friction
Disorders of the digestive system
Hepatitis
Inflammation in the liver
Caused by medications, drugs, toxins, and alcohol.
Cirrhosis
Chronic damage done to the liver
Variety of causes include :
Excessive drinking of alcohol, hepatitis B and C virus infections, and fatty liver that's caused by obesity and diabetes.
Chrons disease
Result of inflammation in your digestive tract
Gallstones
A hardened deposit within the fluid the gallbladder
Caused by high cholesterol
Celiac disease
Reaction caused by eating gluten
Irritable bowel syndrome
A common disorder that affects the large intestine
Can be caused by a large amount of bacteria in the intestines
