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Digestive System Mia Gabriel Period 5 - Coggle Diagram
Digestive System Mia Gabriel Period 5
Layers of the GI tract (including stomach)
Lamina Propia:
Areolar Connective Tissue
-Contains blood and lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes
-simple columnar intestine for absorption and secretion
Muscularis:
Two thin layers of smooth muscles
-Epithelium:
has various of locations
2.Submucosa:
-Mucus Membrane:
produces mucus for reduction of friction
-Areolar connective tissue containing major blood vessels
-
1.Mucosa
:
-Submucosa Plexus:
lymphatic tissue of nerve supply
-Outer longitudinal Layer:
Shortens intestines
3.Muscularis Layer:
myenteric Plexus:
the nerves
-Muscle layer and two layers of the smooth muscles allow peristalsis and segmentation
4.Serosa:
-Inner Circular Layer:
Squeeze, decrease size of lumen
-The outer covering of the GI tract
-Act as sphincter or valves
-Serous Membrane: Composed of thin areolar connective tissue and simple squamous epithelium
-Produces serous fluids for lubrication and covering the outside abdominal organs
Digestive enzymes (including names and functions)
-
Sucrase
: splits in glucose and fructose and sugar that is metabolized
-
maltase
: Have produce of simple sugar of glucose
-Pepsin:
It allows the stomach to digest proteins that contribute in ingested foods
-
Lactase
: they help breakdown smaller sugars called glucose
-Amylase:
produced in the mouth and helps breakdown molecules into smaller ones
Major organs of the digestive system
-is the muscular tissue and form in a J shape
-Has three parts of the stomach such as :
-Stomach : Has a thick mucus membrane
-Cardia and the Fundus:
a large opening of the esophagus and the upper section
-Secretes pancreatic juice made by the pancreatic acinar cells into the duodenum
-
Body
: central main part
Pancreas:
Located behind the stomach, associated closely in the small intestines
-Pylorus:
Pyloric sphincter separates pylorus from duodenum
-Connects to the cysts duct which joins the hepatic joints
Mouth:
Opening for food and food enters the mouth
-It concentrates and stores bile by producing in the liver and release smaller intestines
-Mucosa lined and Chews (Mastication) that lubricates food with saliva
-
GallBladder
:Stores Excess bile for liver
-Saliva Contains enzymes that started chemical digestion
-converts carbohydrates and proteins to fat
-Chewing starts mechanical digestion
-
Esophagus
: collapsible opening of the passageway leading the stomach
-Mucous glands are scattered throughout the submucosa and produces mucus to moisten and lubricate
-Small intestine:
carries out most of the digestive system and absorb the nutrients from the blood.
-Has responsibilities for the metabolic activities of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins
-Four lobes of the gallbladder
Liver
: largest internal organ, that surrounds the ribs
The walls of the small intestines are making up enzymes from the liver and the pancreas
Large intestine:
Separated from small intestine by ileocecal valve, no villi presented
-Slow movement 3-12 contractions/minutes and starts at ileocecal valve
Major functions of the digestive system
-Mechanical Digestion:
Physical breaking of large food pieces into smaller pieces
-Mechanical and Chemical Digestion
-there is energy and growth that repairs the tissue
-a breakdown and absorption of food for metabolism
Chemical Digestion:
Breaks food into simpler chemicals that can be absorbed by cells in the body
-has two openings such as the mouth that digests the food to go down
Location of digestion and absorption of each macromolecule
Nucleic Acids:
has been naturally digested in the small intestines
-They help out the pancreatic enzyme to digest the absorption
has began in the stomach when entering the chemical digestion.
-nucleic acids>nucleases>nucleotides
Protein>Peptidase>amino acids that contribute the absorption
Carbohydrates
: They digest through the mouth when the food enters in it
-Protein:
the chyme is automatically leaving stomach and then enter the small intestines
-The saliva releases an enzyme called amylase that breaks down the process of sugars in the carbohydrates
-it occurs in the small intestines that suites the enzymes
Disorders of the digestive system
-Drug toxicity and wild mushroom poising
-due to six hepatitis viruses
-Hepatitis:
or an inflammation of the liver
-
Cirrhosis
: Chronic inflammation of the liver resulting alcoholism, or chronic hepatitis
-Obstruction of common hepatic duct
-live transplant at the end of the liver
Gallstones:
blocks bile duct
-various causes (gallstones, or diseased liver ,hepatitis)
-
Jaundice
: yellow skin discoloration due to excessive amounts of bile of blood