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Digestive/Urinary System, Yatziri Barbosa, P1 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - feeling of burning or intense pain
      - occurs when stomach acid regurgitates into esophagus
    - - crystalized cholesterol
      - obstruct flow of bile from the gallbladder
    - - acute inflammation of appendix
      - results from a blockage
  - - - infection, abnormal pH
- - - - Glomerulus
        
        highly porous capillaries
        
        efficient filtrate formation
      - Glomeruler capsule
        
        aka Bowman's capsule
        
        cup shaped, hollow structure surrounding glomerulus
    - - Proximal convoluted tubule
        
        increase surface area
        
        functions in reabsorption and secretion
      - Nephron loop
        
        2 limbs
        
        Descending limb
        
        continuous with proximal tubule
        
        Ascending limb
        
        thick limb
      - Distal convoluted tubule
        
        Function more in secretion than reabsorption
- - - - Esophagus
        
        flat muscular tube that connects pharynx to stomach
      - Stomach
        
        starts chemical breakdown of food
        
        converts food bolus into paste-like chyme
        
        stores food temporarily
      - Pharynx
        
        food passes from mouth into pharynx to continue digestion process
      - Small & large intestines
        
        most nutrients are absorbed here into capillaries and lymphatic vessels
      - Mouth
        
        food is chewed & mixed with saliva
        
        contains hard and soft palate
      - Anus
        
        expels feces
  - - - mechanically break food down into smaller fragments
    - - grips, mixes, and repositions food during chewing
      - helps form bolus, mixture of saliva and food
    - - Salivary glands
        
        contains 2 types of secretory cells
        
        Serous
        
        produce watery secretion
        
        Mucous
        
        produce mucus
      - Liver
        
        produces bile, used to break down fats
      - Pancreas
        
        supplies enzymes needed to digest chyme
        
        supplies bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid
    - - functions in storing bile