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Digestive/Urinary System - Elijah Teague Period 1 - Coggle Diagram
Digestive/Urinary System - Elijah Teague Period 1
Major Functions of the Urinary System
absorbs waste from filtered blood
creates urine from waste and allows it to exit through urination
Major Functions of the Digestive
Digestion
the function of ingesting foods and liquids and breaking them down into smaller substances in order to pass through the body
Absorption
absorbs nutrients from digested food
absorbs excess water and waste
Secretion
release of substances relevant to help the organs involved in the digestive system to digest foods properly
Disorders of the Digestive System
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
caused by an excessive amount of heart reflex
Stomach Flu
infection of the stomach and upper part of the small intestine
Major Organs of the Digestive system
Mouth
where chewing, swallowing, and biting food takes place
teeth, tongue, and cheeks
roof of mouth; Soft and Hard palate
Esophagus
connects throat to stomach; long muscular hollow tube
allows foods and liquids to pass through and enter stomach
Stomach
temporary storage tank; chemical digestion starts
creates chyme; transports to small intestine
chemical and mechanical
Small Intestine
functions to absorb nutrients from digested food
break down food delivered from stomach
Large Intestine
functions to get rid of any left over waste
absorbs salts and water
Anus
where waste/poop exits the body
end of (GI) gastriontestinal tract
Liver
produces and secretes bile; transports into gallbladder
stores vitamins and minerals from food and excretes bile salts and bilirubin
Pancreas
two funtions
endocrine; produce pancreatic juice
exocrine; secrete insulin and glucagon
creates hormones
Gall Bladder
storage space for bile from pancreas
Digestive Enzymes
Pepsin
produced within the stomach
functions to turn broken down protein into amino acids
Amlase
produced within the mouth
functions to break down complex carbohydrates to simple sugars molecules
Trypsin
produced within the pancreas
functions to break down proteins
Layers of the Gi tract
Serosa
helps reduce friction by secreting a lubricating fluid
Muscularis Propria
(externa); smooth muscle and is used for peristalsis
Submucosa
provides support for the mucosa layer; (CT) connective tissue
Mucosa
function is to secrete and absorb; innermost layer, supported by submucosa
Location of digestion and absorption of each macromolecule
Digestive enzymes
a digestive enzyme that functions to break down fat
found in the pancreas
Lipids & Carbohydrates
both digestive enzyme that functions to break down fat
both found in the pancreas
Nucleic Acids
functions to communicate and hold genetic info
found in nucleus
Proteins
sent to blood and delivered throughout the body
produced by the liver
Major organs of Urinary
Ureters
small tubes that connect kidneys to urinary bladder
delivers urine from kidneys to bladder
Urethra
where urine travels to exit the body
definition - muscular tube that drains urinary bladder
Urinary bladder
temporary urine storaage
kidneys
filters blood
creates urine from filtrated blood
drained by ureters
maintains body's internal environment
Disorders of the Urinary System
Diabetes
causes kidney failure
doesn't allow efficient blood filtration
Kidney Stones
left behind waste from deposits of salts/minerals that grow in kidneys
Nephrons
definition - structural and functional units that forms urine in the Kidneys
two parts
Renal Corpuscle (2 components)
Glomerulus; provides efficient filtration
Glomerular Capsule; aka "Bowman's Capsule"
hollow structure and surrounds glomerulus
Renal Tubule
the major components
1) Proximal convoluted tubule; reabsorbs and secretes
2) Nephron loop
consist two limbs
Descending limb
Ascending imb
3) Distal convoluted tubule (DCT)