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Antianginal drugs - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Skin color and integrity, especially for transdermal or topical forms of nitrates
      - Pain and activity level
      - Neurological status (level of consciousness, affect, reflexes, etc.)
      - Cardiopulmonary status (BP;
    - - Decreased cardiac output related to vasodilation and hypotensive effects of the drug
      - Risk for Injury related to adverse effects on neurological and cardiovascular status
      - Ineffective Tissue Perfusion related to low oxygen supply to myocardial cells
    - - Instruct patient not to swallow sublingual preparations to ensure therapeutic effects. Take three tablets with a 5-minute interval, for a total of three doses. If the pain does not subside, seek medical help.
      - Ask for presence of burning sensation to ensure drug potency.
      - Protect drug from sunlight to maintain drug potency.
      - For sustained release forms, take drug with water and do not crush for these preparations need to reach GIT intact.
      - Rotate injection sites and provide skin care as appropriate to prevent skin abrasion and breakdown.
    - - Monitor patient response to therapy (pain assessment).
      - Monitor for presence of mentioned adverse effects.
      - Monitor for effectiveness of comfort measures.
      - Monitor for compliance to drug therapy regimen.
      - Monitor laboratory tests.
- - - - Assess for presence of mentioned contraindications and cautions.
      - Assess neurological status to determine presence of neurological adverse effects. Focus on level of orientation and sensory function.
      - Monitor blood pressure and heart rate accurately. Be sure to count the heart rate in one full minute.
      - Auscultate lungs to determine presence of possible respiratory adverse effects
    - - Decreased Cardiac Output related to decreased heart rate, blood pressure, and contractile properties of the heart
      - Ineffective Tissue Perfusion related to decreased blood flow to the heart
      - Risk for Injury related to possible alterations in CNS while on drug therapy
    - - Give drug as ordered following safe and appropriate administration to ensure therapeutic effects.
      - Provide comfort measures: ambulation assistance, raised siderails, appropriate room light and temperature, and rest periods
      - Monitor cardiopulmonary status closely to detect possible alterations in vital signs which signal need for dose adjustment and to prevent related adverse effects.
      - Educate client about the need to not abruptly stop therapy as this can lead to rebound hypertension and myocardial infarction.
    - - Monitor patient response to therapy.
      - Monitor for presence of mentioned adverse effects.
      - Monitor for effectiveness of comfort measures.
      - Monitor for compliance to drug therapy regimen.
      - Monitor laboratory tests.
- - - - Monitor blood pressure and heart rate and rhythm to detect possible development of adverse effects.
      - Provide comfort measures for the patient to tolerate side effects (e.g. small frequent meals for nausea, limiting noise and controlling room light and temperature to prevent aggravation of stress which can increase demand to the heart, etc.)
      - Educate client on measures to avoid angina attacks (e.g. diet changes, rest periods, etc.)
      - Emphasize to the client the importance of strict adherence to drug therapy to ensure maximum therapeutic effects.
      - EVALUATION:
        
        Monitor patient response to therapy.
        
        Monitor for presence of mentioned adverse effects.
        
        Monitor for effectiveness of comfort measures.
        
        Monitor for compliance to drug therapy regimen.
        
        Monitor laboratory tests.