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The 17th century
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FRANCE AND ABSOLUTISM
In the monarchies of the Modern Age, the kings increased their power
However, when absolute monarchies were established, all the power was held by the king
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Absolute power was considered a divine right: the king was God’s representative and everyone was accountable to him
In addition, some thinkers considered an absolute monarchy to be the best possible political system.
Absolutism began to spread to the majority of the European states, except England and Holland, where parliamentary systems were introduced.
THE THIRTY YEARS' WAR
The Thirty Years' War took place between 1618 and 1648 and was caused by the conflicts between Catholics and Protestants in the Holy Roman Empire. .
However, it gradually developed into a more general conflict among the great powers in Europe for European political domination
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The toll the war was taking led the powers involved to sign the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, ending the Thirty Years' War
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However, the Peace of Westphalia did not end the conflicts between France and Spain and they continued to fight against each other
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