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MANHATTAN BRITANNICA PROJECT - Coggle Diagram
MANHATTAN BRITANNICA PROJECT
What led to the Manatthan project
1939
Scientist were awere of advances in nuclear fission and were concerned that
Nazi Germany
might develop a nuclear weapon
so
Leo Szliard and Eugene Wigner persuaded
Albert Einstein
to send a letter to the U.S President,
Franklin D. Roosevelt
.
In this letter the scientist warned the president of the
danger
and advised him to
estabilish an American nuclear research program.
The
Advisory Committee on
Uranium
was set up.
as a response
We could say that the date of the beginning of the project could be the
6th December 1941
Headed by Vannevar Bush
What did the Manhattan project do
prodiced the first atomic bomb
Both electromagnetic and fusion methods of separating the fissionable uranium-235 from uranium-238 were explored at Oak Ridge in Tennessee.
In the meantime, at Los Alamos, New Mexico, scientists found a way to bring the fissionable material to supercritical mass (and thus explosion)
The first test, on July 16, 1945,at Alamogordo air force base in New Mexico, produced a massive nuclear explosion.
plutonium or uranium
Properties And Effects Of Atomic Bombs
In the process of splitting, a great amount of thermal energy, as well as gamma rays and two or more neutrons, is released.
Under certain conditions,conditions, the escaping neutrons strike and
thus fission This series of rapidly multiplying fissions culminates in a chain reaction in which nearly all the fissionable material is consumed,
Large quantities of neutrons and gamma rays are also emitted this lethal radiation decreases rapidly over 1.5 to 3 km (1 to 2 miles) from the burst.
Materials vaporized in the fireball condense to fine particles, and this radioactive debris, referred to as fallout, is carried by the winds in the troposphere or stratosphere.
The radioactive contaminants increases the risk of
developing cancer.
process generating the
explosion
HIROSHIMA
On the
6th August 1945
, about 8:15 AM
Was bombed by the Americans
This city became the
first city bombed by an atomic bomb
The most important scientists associated with the Manhattan project
J. Robert Oppenheimer
headed the project to develop the
atomic bomb
Edward Teller
was among the
first recruited
for the project
Leo Szilard
Enrico Fermi
built the
first nuclear reactor
there are also other notable researchers
Ernest Orlando Lawrence
was program chief in charge of the development of the
electromagnetic process
of separating uranium-235
the person who oversaw the project was Leslie R. Groves