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SPAIN IN THE 17TH CENTURY - Coggle Diagram
SPAIN IN THE 17TH CENTURY
The Austrian Habsburgs
Ruled Spain
Felipe III, Felipe IV and Carlos II
The Spanish monarchy fell into decline.
Spain began to lose its political importance until it became a second rate power.
The Austrian Habsburgs freed themselves of their governmental obligations by delegating power to their trusted advisors.
The validos used their power to become rich and give positions of power and priviledges to their supporters and family.
This corruption increased rivalry among the different groups of nobles leading to conspiracies.
The Austrian Hasburgs
Felipe III (1598-1621)
During Felipe III's reign, his valido, the Duke of Lerma governed.
Spain was bankrupt, so to reduce expenses the armed conflicts were ended, a peace treaty was signed.
Expulsion of the Moriscos
In 1609
They were accused of being fake christians and of practising their own religion in secret.
This expulsion had an extremely negative effect on the Spanish economy, particularly in agriculture.
Felipe IV (1621-1665)
Felipe IV delegated power to his valido, Count-Duke of Olivares, who attempted to regain power over Europe.
Spain took part in new wars.
Olivares attempted to introduce centralising reforms to increase tax collection.
Union of Arms
Which proposed that all the kingdoms ruled by the Spanish monarchy provide soldiers and funds to cover the cost of the European wars.
Spain went bankrupt several times and after many years at war, the toll it was taking provoked numerous domestic rebellions.
In 1652
The royal army took control of Barcelona and ended the revolt in Cataluña.
Felipe IV's troops were defeated by the French army
Treaty of the Pyrenees
In 1659
Consequences
France renounced Catalonia.
A marriage was arranged between Louis XIV and Maria Theresa and the daughter of Felipe IV.
In 1668, Spain recognised Portugal's independence.
Carlos II (1665-1700)
Carlos II was a minor when he came to the throne, and was also suffering from an illness.
Different validos took power during his reign.
France continued its hostilities against a weak Spain, gaining more territories.
Carlos II left no heirs, creating a serious conflict over succession when he died.
The war of succession
Carlos II named Felipe, Duke of Anjou, as his successor to the Spanish throne.
He was from the Bourbon dynasty and was the grandson of King Louis XIV of France.
In all the other countries this decision caused great fear.
Mean that the thrones of Spain and France would be united under a single ruler.
An anti-Bourbon alliance was formed and Carlos, Archduke of Austria, was proposed as a candidate for the throne.
This caused the War of Succession (1701-1713).
The candidates and their supporters
Felipe
Was proclaimed King of Spain in Madrid in 1700.
He was supported by Castile and France.
The Archduke Carlos
Was proclaimed King of Spain in Barcelona in 1705.
Was recognised by the Courts of Aragón, Valencia and Cataluña.
He also had the military support of Austria, Great Britain, the United Provinces, Portugal...
After Felipe's victory at the Battle of Almansa in 1707, he conquered Valencia and Aragón.
In 1711
The Archduke Carlos inherited the throne of Austria
Caused fear of a possible union between Spain and Austria among his allies.
The Treaty of Utrecht was signed in 1713
In 1714, Felipe V took control of Barcelona and ended the war.
Consequences
France imposed Felipe V as King of Spain.
Austria gained the Spanish Low Countries, Naples, Sardinia and Milan.
Savoy acquired Sicily.
Great Britain gained Gibraltar, Minorca and the French colonies in North America.
Spain lost its European territories but maintained the ones it held in the Americas.
The kingdom of Spain became a centralised state.
Felipe V passed the Nueva Planta' decrees.
