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SOCIETY - Coggle Diagram
SOCIETY
The different rates at which the economies developed also caused social differences
In Atlantic Protestant Europe
Bourgeois traders prospered through the craft and trade industries
They became more powerful,gained access to political positions and became part of the privileged class. Their powerful position enabled them to develop trade, generating yet more wealth.
In Southern Catholic Europe
The economy barely recovered
The nobility and the clergy maintained their positions of power and continued to reject the craft and trade industries, and any other manual work they considered undignified
Their objective was to live off the rents they received from their lands and possessions and accumulate noble titles.
Society was divided into various classes, following the traditional structure. Some classes enjoyed many privileges while others had none
The nobility did not pay any taxes
They had political or military obligations but mainly dedicated their time to hunting and social events
They lived in palaces and obtained rents or income from their lands, which were worked by the peasants
The haute bourgeoisie consisted of important traders, bankers and high public officials
They continued to prosper, especially in certain countries
The English and Dutch bourgeoisie eventually gained access to political positions
The petite bourgeoisie included artisans, small-scale traders and labourers
They were disadvantaged by having to pay taxes and badly affected by the crises
The peasants formed the majority of the population, whose situation was very precarious
Therefore, they became very vulnerable during agricultural crises and many of them had to resort to begging
The beggars, who increased in number
They lived in the cities and had to beg or depend on charity to survive
When the monarchs needed to increase their resources, they resorted to raising the taxes of the peasants and bourgeoisie
If this occurred in a year of bad harvests, violent social revolts broke out
The majority of those who rebelled were peasants, who were sometimes led by discontented nobles or members of the bourgeoisie
In each kingdom, there were different motives for the revolts
in France they were politically motivated
in the British Isles, political motives were combined with religious rivalries
In Spain, they were led by secessionist movements (such as those in Catalonia and Portugal)
in Russia they were due to ethnic divisions