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Cardiovascular System - Coggle Diagram
Cardiovascular System
Blood flow through the heart and body
Blood flow def - volume of blood flowing through vessel, organ, or entire circulation in given
period
Right Side of heart
Blood travels from the SVC, IVC, and coronary sinus, right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary SL valve, lungs, pulmonary trunk and arteries
Left side of heart
travels through 4 pulmonary veins, left atrium, mitral valve, left ventricle, aortic SL valve, aorta, and systemic circulation
Blood flow through body
right ventricle pumps oxygen poor blood to lungs, left atrium receives oxygen rich blood from lungs and pumps blood to to left ventricle through mitral valve. Left ventricle pumps oxygenated rich blood through the aortic and to the body
Layers of the Heart
Pericardium: double-walled sac that surrounds heart; made up of two layers
Visceral Layer
Epicardium
outer layer of the heart; thin elastic Connective Tissue and fat that serves as a extra layer of protection
Parietal Layer
Myocardium
circular or spiral bundles of contractile cardiac muscle cells; generate force through the body
Endocardium
innermost layer of the heart
helps form heart valves and lines large blood vessels
Structural and functional differences between blood vessel types
Arteries
carry blood away from heart
three different types
Elastic arteries
Muscular arteries; deliver blood to body organs
Arterioles; smallest artery and control blood flow in capillary beds
Veins
These blood vessels transport blood back to the heart, become larger veins overtime, can be visible
Capillaries
microscopic blood vessels; Small, thin walled blood vessels that transport blood to and from tissue cells
Disorders of the Cardiovascular System
High blood pressure
can be caused by stress, bad dieting, and being overweight
occurs when an excessive amount of blood force through artery walls
Heart Attack
blood clots in the heart that prevents blood flow to other heart numbers
prolonged coronary artery clot
(CHF)
caused by - Coronary atherosclerosis; clogged arteries caused by fat buildup; impairs
oxygen delivery to cardiac cells
can also be caused by high blood pressure; constant aortic pressure
Major Functions of the cardiovascular system
Transportation
transports waste and nutrients throughout the body
Protection
prevents blood loss and gets rid of waste from the bloodstream
Circulation
blood circulation helps prevent blood loss and moves metabolic waste from the blood
Anatomy of the Heart
Four Valves -
Tricuspid
divides right atrium and ventricle
Mitral
divides the left atrium from the left ventricle
"bicuspid" valve
Semilunar vales (SL)
Pulmonary
prevent back flow of blood into ventricles from major arteries
divides right ventricle and pulmonary trunk
Aortic
divides left ventricle and aorta, also prevents back flow of blood into ventricles from major arteries
Four Chambers -
Right atrium
Right atrium; receives deoxygenated blood from body
sends blood to right ventricle
Right Ventricle
pumps oxygen poor blood into pulmonary trunk
Left atrium
Left atrium; receives oxygenated blood from lungs and sends it to left ventricle
Left ventricle
receives oxygen rich blood from left atrium and pumps blood into the rest of the body through the aorta
Cardiac Cycle and ECG
Cardiac Cycle
the blood flow through heart during one complete heartbeat, runs a series of three phases, total relaxation, atrial systole, ventricular systole, atrial diastole, and ventricular diastole
diastole
Period of heart relaxation
systole
period of heart contraction
ECG
Electrocardiogram; graphic recording of electrical activity
the electrocardiograph records the ECG of a patient that reads and detects any abnormalities
allows you to get an effective overview of the cardiovascular system