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Digestive System Per.5 Salvador Ramos - Coggle Diagram
Digestive System Per.5 Salvador Ramos
Disorders of the digestive system
Liver Cancer
Cirrhosis
liver transplants are the only effective treatment
Advacne liver ancer
Cirrhosis:
chronic inflammationof the liver
chronic hepatitis
alcoholism
Hepatitis
six haptitis viruses
Nonviral causes
wild mushroom poisoning
drug toxicity
inflammed of the liver
Appendix
Pain lower right stomach area
Appendictis:
inflammed appendix
appendix fills with pus
Symptoms:
anorexia
nausea
low grade fever
Major organs of the digestive system
Stomach
muscular organ
15-25 contracion/min
lined with rugae
Cardia and Fundus:
temporary storage
3 parts
Body
Pylorus
Cardi and fundus
Body:
Central main part
Pylorus:
seperates pylorus from duodenum
Liver
4 lobes
Removes toxic subtances
converts carbohydrates and proteins to fat
stores glycogen
Responsible for multiple metabolism activities
Filters blood
Pancreas
located behind stomach
associated with smallintestine
secrets pancreatic juice
enzymes digest 4 nutrients
Protease:
protein
Trypsin:
proteins
Lipase:
lipids
Amylase:
Carbohydrates
HCI in stomach destroys amylase
Nucleus:
nucleic acids
Digestive Organs
Gi tract:
Sublingual gland
larynx
Tongue
Trachea
Pharynx
Esophagus
Spleen
Splenic flexure
Diaphragm
Illium
Transvers colon
Appendix
Cecum
Digestive enzymes
Pancreas
Nucleic acis-nucleotides
Nuclease-
nucleotides
Carbohydrates (mouth and small intestine)
Amilase-
poly-di
Dissacharides-
monosaccahrides
Maltase-
glucose
polyssacharides-disaccharides and monosaccharides
Lactase-
glucose and galactose
Sucrase-
flucose and fructose
Lipids (small intestine)
fats-fatty acids
Lipase-
fatty acids and glycerol
Proteins (stomach and small intestine)
Porteins-peptides-amino acids
Pepsin-
protein-peptide
Protease-
peptide-amino acides
Location of digestion and absorption of each macromolecule
Chemical digestion
gastric juice in stomach
fats
carbs
protein
saliva in mouth
works with enzymes
Mechanicl digestion
stomach
esophagus intestine
mouth
Absorption
chemically digest food
small intestine does 90%
contains villia and microvilli
large intestine 10%
Absorbs:
carbohydrates (blood)
proteins
fats (lacteals)
vitamins
water
minerals
Absorbs:
water
vitamin K and B complex
Layers of the GI tract
Submucosa
Aerolar connective tissue containing major blood vessel
elastic fibers
Submucosal plexus
Glands and lymphatic tissue
Musculars layer
Muscle layer
2 layers of smooth muscles to allow peristalsis and segmentation
Inner circular layer:
decrease size in lumen
Outer longitudinal layer:
shortens intestine
Multiple layers:
superior esophagus
anal sphincter
pharynx
Mouth
Myenteric plexus:
nerves
Mucosa
Epithelium:
Non \keratinized stratified squamous in mourth
Lamina prpria:
Areolar connective tissue
Mucosa membrane:
produces mucus for reduction
Musclaris mucosae:
2 thin layers of smooth muscles
has 4 different parts to it
Serosa
Serous Membrane:
composed of thin lyaer of areolar
produces serous fluid for lubrication
covers outside of abdominal organs
heart
lungs
abdomincal cavity
attaches the digestive tract to the wall of the abdominopelvic cavity by forming folds
Outer covering of GI tract
Major Functions of the Digestie System
Function
Repair tissues
energy and growth
breakdown and absoprtion of foods
Mechanicaland Cheamicl digestion
Both digestions contribute into digesting food into the stomach and out
Mechanical Digestion
chewing food into smaller pieces
not alter chemical composition
physical breakdown of food with mouth
Segmentation:
mixing/churning movement
Peristalsis:
rippling movement
Mastification:
chewing movement
Chemical Digestion
work with help of enzymes
gastirc juice
carbs
fats
protein
saliva
absobed by cells in the body
Breaks food into simpler chemicals