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INTRODUCTION TO THERMODYNAMICS - Coggle Diagram
INTRODUCTION TO THERMODYNAMICS
WHAT IS ENERGY AND THERMODYNAMICS ?
ENERGY - The ability to cause changes
CONSERVATION OF ENERGY PRINCIPLE - Energy can change from one to another during an interaction, but the total amount of energy remain constant
THE FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS - Expression of the conservation of energy principle. It asserts that energy is thermodynamic property
TYPES OF SYSTEM
ISOLATED - No energy or mass transfer across boundary
CLOSED ( CONTROL MASS ) - Only energy transferred
OPEN SYSTEM ( CONTROL VOLUME ) - Energy and mass transferred
APPLICATION OF THERMODYNAMICS IN OUR LIFE
HOUSEHOLD APPLICATIONS
Refrifegerator
Kettle
AIrconditioner
Computer
ENGINES
Car
Aeroplane
Rocket
PLANT OR FACTORY
Power plant
Gas compressors
Coal-fired power plant
DIMENSION AND UNITS
DIMENSION
- Any physical quantity can be characterised by dimensions
PRIMARY
Mass - kilogram (kg)
Length - meter (m)
Temperature - kelvin (K)
Time - second (s)
Amount of matter - mole (mol)
Electric current - ampere (A)
Amount of light - candela (cd)
SECONDARY
Volume (V)
Velocity (v)
Energy (E)
UNIT
- The magnitude assigned to dimensions
METRIC SI SYSTEM
AMERICAN ENGINEERING SYSTEM (AES)
COS SYSTEM
STATE AND EQUILIBRIUM
THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM
MECHANICAL EQUILIBRIUM
PHASE EQUILIBRIUM
CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
PROCESS AND CYCLE
PROCESS
Any change that a system undergoes from one equlibrium state to another
Isothermal process - During temperature, T remains constant
Isobaric process - During the pressure, P remains constant
Isochoric process - During Volume, V remains constant
PATH
The series of states through which a system passes during a process
CYCLE
A process during which the initial and final states are identical
PROCESS VARIABLES
TEMPERATURE
Transfer heat from higher to lower until both bodies attain the same temperature
Zeroth law of Thermodynamics
PRESSURE
Absolute pressure
Gauge pressure
Vacuum pressure
Variation of Pressure with Depth
Pascal's Law
DEVICE FOR PRESSURE MEASUREMENT
Manometer
Bourdon tube
Pressure transducers
Strain-gage pressure transducers
Piezoelectric transducers