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Digestive System Ngoc Nguyen Period:5 - Coggle Diagram
Digestive System Ngoc Nguyen Period:5
Mouth To Esophagus :star:
Mouth Oral Cavity
Function: Opening for food& food enters the mouth
Roof: formed by hard soft palate, uvula
Floor: formed by tongue and its muscles
B. Cheeks form the lateral wall of the mouth/ Lips are highly mobile structures that surround the mouth opeing
C. Tongue: a think muscular organ covered by mucou
D. palate: Forms roof the the oral cavity.
E. Teeth: Two sets of teeth develop in sockets whithin the maxillary and mandibular bones
Teeth
Canines(cuspid): tear and shred
3.Premolars(bicuspid): crush&grind
Incisors: cut
Molars: crush and grind
Salivary Glands
B. Salivary Secretions: contain serous cells that produce a watery fluid with salivary amylase.
A. The salivary glands secrete saliva is dissolves food particles, bind them together.
Esophagus
Peristalsis: rhythim wavelike contraction by muscularis layer of wall
Connect to stmach at lower esophageal (cardiac sphincter)
Functions: connects pharynx to stomach
Small & Large Intestines :star:
Small Intestine
Functions:
Chemical digestion
Mechanical digestion
Absorption
Chemical Digestion and Absorption
Intestinal enzymes: produced by brush cells further breakdown protein
Peptidases: Reduce peptides to amino acids
Sucrase: reduces lactose
Lactase: reduces maltose
Maltase: reduces maltose
Intestinal lipase: reduces fats into fatty \acids and glycerol
3 Sections of Small Intestine
Jejunum: adsorption
Ilium: absorbs vitamins and bile salts
1.Duodenum: most fixed in place
Large Intestines
Function: Digestion by bacteria
Subdivision
Desceding colon
Sigmoid colon: s shaped
Transverse Colon: Bend called left colic
Ascending Colon
Rectum: near coccyx
Anal Canal(Anus): Interior anal sphincter
Cecum: pouch like area
Pancreas & Gall Bladder :star:
Gall Bladder
Jaundice
: Yellow skin discoloration due to excessive amount of bile in blood
Gall Stone
: blocks bile duct
Stores excess bile for live
Hepatitis
: usually due to one of six hepatitis viruses
Location: under surface of the liver
Cirrhosis: A chronic inflammation for the liver
Pancreas
Functions: made by pancreatic acnar cells
4 Nutrients
Protease: protein
Trypsinm chymotrypsinm carboxypeptidase
Lipase: lipids
Amylase: carbohydrates
Nuclease: nucleic acids
Location: behind stomach, closely associated will small intestine
Stomach & Liver :star:
Stomach
Function: Mixing and holding chamber
1.Cardia and the Fundus: The opening to esophagus
Body: Cental main part
Pylorus (pyloris): lower narrow section
Liver
Four lobes with gallbladder
Functions: Responsible for metabolic activities
Largest internal organ
Secreate bile into duodenum bile contains
Bile Salts
Digestive System :star:
Chemical Digestion
works with enzymes
Breaking food into small pie can be absorbed by cell in the body
Mechanical Digestion
Segmentation
: mixing or churning movement
Peristalsis
: Wave/rippling movement
Mastication
: Chewing movement
Primary Processes
4.Secretion: Release of mucus acid, bile and enzymes to aid digestion
Absorption:Taking in nutrients into the body to be passed to blood or lymph.
Motility/Propulsion: mixing and movement of food
Digestion: physical and chemical breakdown of food into nutrients
Ingestion: Eating taking in food into mouth
Elimination/Dedication:Removal of waste and undigested food from the body
The Wall of GI Tract :star:
2.Submucosa
Areolar connective tissue containing major blood vessel
Submucosal plexus
: autonomic nerve supply
3.Muscularis Layer
Muscle layer
Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis
Two layer of smooth muscles to allow peristaltic and segmentation
Inner circular layer: Squeeze, decrease size of lumen
Outer longitudinal layer: shortens intestine
Mucosa
Epithelium
: varies by location, Simple colummar in intestine for absorption and secretion
Lamina propria
: Areolar connective tissue
Mucous Membrane:
Produces mucus for reduction of friction.
Muscularis Mucosae
: Two thin layers of smooth muscles
Serosa
Outer covering of the GI tract
Serous membrane: composed of thin layer of areolar connective