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Digestive System Yasmin Reyes P.3 - Coggle Diagram
Digestive System Yasmin Reyes P.3
Functions of the Digestive System
The main function is to digest and absorb. It is the break down of food into small molecules which then absorb into the body. It is divided into two parts.
Accessory organs which include the teeth and tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.
The Digestive tract which is two openings: the mouth and the anus. Includes the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.
Ingestion
Process of eating
Chemical digestion
The chemical way of breaking down the food into simpler molecules
Propulsion
The movement of food along the digestive tract.
Mechanical digestion
The physical process of breaking down the food into smaller pieces.
Secretion
Digestive enzymes and other substances that chemically break down the food.
Absorption
The movement of molecules from the digestive tract to adjacent blood and lymphatic vessels.
Defecation
Process of eliminating undigested material through the anus.
Organs of the Digestive System
Your digestive organs break the food into smaller parts using: motion such as chewing, squeezing, and mixing.
Small Intestine
Peristalsis
Pancreas
Creates enzymes
Esophagus
Peristalsis
Liver
Regulates chemical levels in the blood and excretes a product called bile
Mouth
Chewing
Large Intestine
Peristalsis
Stomach
Upper muscle in stomach relaxes to let food enter
Digestive enzymes
Protease
Breaks down proteins into amino acids
Lipase
Breaks down lipids, which are fats and oils into glycerol and fatty acids
Amylase
Breaks down starches and carbohydrates into sugars
Location of digestion and absorption of each macromolecule
Lipids
Energy storage; protection; chemical messenger; repel water
Located in cell membranes, cholesterol, blood cells and in the brain
Carbohydrates
energy storage; structure
They are located in the sugars, starches and fibers typically found in fruits, grains, vegetables and milk products
Proteins
Storage; signals; structural; defensive; enzyme; transport; receptors
Mainly located in the cytoplasm and membrane bound
Nucleic acids
Genetic information
Found in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the chloroplasts and mitochondria
Layers of the GI tract
Submucosa
A dense, irregular layer of connective tissue with large blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerve that supports the mucosa
Muscularis
organ that has three layers of muscle instead of two
Mucosa
Made up of three layers
The lamina propria is a layer of connective tissue
The muscularis mucusae is a thin layer of smooth muscle
The epithelium is the innermost layer and is responsible for most digestive, absorptive and secretory processes
Serosa
consists of a secretory epithelial layer and a thin connective tissue later
Gluten Sensitivity and Celiac disease
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Stomach flu
Irratable Bowel Syndrome
Peptic Ulcer Disease
Constipation
Gasteoesophageal Reflux Disease
Hemorrhoids
Diverticular Disease
Gallstones