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SOCIETY & CULTURE - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Reflections of beliefs
      - Can be inferred from the way people behave.
      - Can be contradictory
      - Can change over time.
      - Can vary within a society
      - The desires of individuals tend to reflect the values stressed in their societies
      - Social values are the motivation that makes social institutions function effectively and be a dynamic force
      - Social values tend to be relative and can vary between cultures
  - - - Reflections of values
      - Rules or standards about the right or correct way to act
      - Internalized as belief system
      - Indicate how society expects the individual to behave in various circumstances
    - - The patterns of conventional behavior in a society, norms that apply to everyday matters
      - Greetings
      - Eating utensils
      - Sleeping
      - Social space
      - Gestures
    - - The fundamental ideas about what is right/wrong, virtuous and sinful
      - Mores are much more strictly enforced than folkways
      - More are important because they involve moral vision based on social cohesion, continuity, and community in human life
    - - The most extreme form of mores as they forbid a society's most outrageous practices, such as incest and murder
      - Have a more serious consequences if violated
      - Is a norm so strongly ingrained that to violate it creates disgust, revulsion, horror - the thought of it makes people sick
      - Examples of universal taboo
        
        Eating human flesh - cannibalism
        
        Incest - having sex with relatives
        
        Pedophilia - adults having sex with children
    - - To strengthen the effect of certain mores, societies pass laws
      - Formal codes of behaviour that are binding on the whole society
      - Violations of laws may result in severe punishment, depending on the nature of the violation
      - Norms with strict and formal sanctions, punishments - to violate a law is to violate society itself
  - - - The Family
        
        To ensure new members for society, to regulate sex, to provide care for children, the needs of daily life –shelter, food, companionship, affection
      - Government
        
        To provide peace and order around society
      - The Economy
        
        Provide a means to obtain food, shelter and clothing
      - Education
        
        Provides a means to transmit culture and train new generations through formal education for the younger members of society
        
        i) Schools ii) Universities
      - Religion
        
        Addresses the need to overcome fear of the unknown and explain the mysteries of life. So people can express their religious beliefs and join in worship with others who express similar beliefs.
  - - - Cars
      - Computers
      - Airplanes
      - Telephones
      - Supermarkerts
      - Factories
- - - - A society whose members comprise one cultural group
    - - A society whose members come from diverse locatios. It is comprised of different groups characterized by distinct traits