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The Digestive and Urinary System Efrain Haro Period 1 - Coggle Diagram
The Digestive and Urinary System Efrain Haro
Period 1
Functions of the urinary system
Release hormone to control red blood cell production
Balance the body's fluid
Release hormones to control blood pressure
Balance a variety of electrolytes
Removes waste products and medicine from the body
Layers of GI tract and Stomach layers
2) Submucosa: It consists of areolar connective tissue. It has a bunch of elastic tissue that helps the organs get their shape back after a meal.
3) Muscularis externa: Its the muscle layer responsible for segmentation and peristalsis.
1) Mucous: Secretes mucus, digestive enzymes, and hormones. It absorbs end products of digestion and it protects against disease.
4) Serosa: Outermost layer, which is made up of the visceral peritoneum.
Functions of the digestive system
Break it down into nutrients
Get rid of any indigestible remains
Take in the food
Absorb molecules into the blood stream
Digestive enzymes
Trypsin: Breaks down proteins, continuing the process of digestion that began in the stomach.
Amylase: An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of starch into sugars.
Bile: A fluid that is made and released by the liver and stores in the gallbladder. It helps with digestion. It breaks down fats into fatty acids, which can be taken into the body bu the digestive system
Lipase: A type of protein made by your pancreas. It's an organ that's by your stomach. Helps you digest body fats.
Pepsin: Its a endopeptidase that breaks down proteins into smaller peptides. It is produced in the gastric chief cells of the stomach lining.
Major organs of the Digestive
Gallbladder: When you eat something fatty, the gallbladder contracts to release the bile it has stores into the small intestine.
Mouth: The digestive process starts in your mouth. It starts by making the food smaller and the salivary glands make it easier to ingest.
Pancreas: During digestion the pancreas makes a juice called enzymes. The enzymes break down sugars, fats, and starches.
Esophagus: The esophagus function primarily as a transport for the food to go down to the stomach.
Liver: All the blood runs through this organ because it processes the blood and it breaks it down. It also created the nutrients and detoxifies.
Stomach: The stomach secretes acid and enzymes that digest food. The stomach contracts because of the muscles and it churns food.
Anus: The anus is the end of the GI tract. It disposes of wastes that cannot be digested to the outside of our body.
Small Intestine: Carries out most of the digestive process, absorbing almost all the nutrients you get from foods into your blood stream.
Large Intestine: The main function for this intestine is to absorb water and salts from the material that has not been digested as food. It also gets rid of any waste from food.
Major organs of the Urinary system
Bladder: The bladders walls relax and expand to the store urine. They contract and flatten to completely empty out the urine through the urethra.
Kidneys: The kidneys make urine by filtering wastes and extra water from blood.
Urethra: This tube allows urine to pass outside the body
Renal Pelvis: The area at the center of the kidney. Urine collects here and is funneled into the ureter, the tube that connects the kidney to the bladder.
Ureters: These narrow tubes carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
Clinical terms
Urinary system
Enlarged Prostate- This is found in men. It can make it difficult to empty out the bladder.
Incontienence- When urine leaks out of your urethra.
Bladder infections- Usually caused by bacteria.
Kidney infections- When a bladder infection backs up the uterus.
Digestive system
Gallstones- Its hardened deposits of digestive fluid.
Celiac- Eating gluten over time created inflammation that damages the small intestines lining.
GERD- A chronic disease that occurs when acid flows into the food pipe and irritates the lining.
Nephron Anatomy
The renal corpuscle: Responsible for the filtration of the plasma. It contains two structures. The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule.
A Nephron is the functional unit of the kidney that produces urine in the process of removing water and excess substances from the blood.
Renal tubule: A small tube in the kidney that contains cells that filter and clean the blood. There are about 1 million renal tubules in 1 kidney.
Location of Digestion and absorption
Carbohydrate digestion: It begins in the mouth with the mechanical action of chewing and the chemical action of salivary amylase. Carbohydrates are not chemically broken down in the stomach.
Nuclei acid digestion: Happens in the small intestine with the help of both pancreatic enzymes and enzymes produced by the small intestine itself.
Fat digestion/absorption: It begins in the mouth where lipids break down into diglycerides. The fat in the intestine stimulates that release of lipase from the pancreas.
Protein digestion: Occurs in the stomach and duodenum where 3 enzymes pepsin is secreted and by the stomach and trypsin is secreted by the pancreas,