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CHAPTER 4 : SYSTEM DESIGN - Coggle Diagram
CHAPTER 4 : SYSTEM DESIGN
4.1 UNDERSTAND USER INTERFACE DESIGN
4.1.1 UNSER INTERFACE DESIGN (UI)
Describes how users interact with a computer system
Between the user and the computer
7 PRINCIPLES OF USEER-CENTERED DESIGN
Understand the Business
Maximize Graphical Effectiveness
Think Like a User
Use Models and Prototypes
Focus on Usability
Invite Feedback
Document Everything
Consists of all the hardware, software, screens, menus, functions and output
EVOLUTION OF THE USER
The user interface mainly consisted of process-control screens that allowed the user to send commands to the system
That approach worked well with traditional systems that simply transformed input data into structured output
USER-CENTERED SYSTEM
Requires an understanding of human-computer interaction and user-centered design principles
HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION
Human-computer interaction (HCI) describes the relationship between computer and people who use them to perform their jobs
Then came the graphical user interface (GUI), which was a huge improvement because it used icons, graphical object and pointing devices
Main objective is to create a user-friendly design that is easy to learn and use
4.2 INPUT & OUTPUT DESIGN
4.2.2 OBJECTTIVES OF INPUT DESIGN
Good input design requires attention to human factors as well as technology issues
To ensure the quality, accuracy and timeliness of input data
4.2.3 GUIDELINES FOR DATA ENTRY SCREEN DESIGN
DATA ENTRY SCREENS
Restrict user access to screen locations where data is entered
Provide a descriptive caption for every field and show the user where to enter the data and the required or maximum field size
15 GUIDELINES
Display a sample format if a user must enter values in a field in a specific format
Require an ending keystroke for every field
Do not require users to type leading zeroes for numeric fields
Do not require users to type trailing zeroes for numbers that include decimals
Display default values so operators can press the ENTER key to accept the suggested value
Use a default value when a field value will be constant for successive records or throughtout the data entry session
Display a list of acceptable values for fields and provide meaningful error messages
Provide a way to leave the data entry screen at any time without entering the current record
Provide users with an opportunity to confirm the accuracy of input data before entering it
Provide a means for users to move among fields on the form
Design the screen form layout to match the layout of the source document
Allow users to add, change, delete and view records
Provide a method to allow users to search for specific information
4.2.1 INPUT DESIGN & TECHNOLOGY
Quality of the output = quality of the input
Garbage in, garbage out (GIGO)
4.2.8 OUTPUT TECHNOLOGY
The trend is especially important to firms that use information technology to lower their costs, improve employee productivity and communicate effectively with their customers
System also should consider various types of output technologies
Millions of firms use the internet to reach new customers and markets around the world
Email
Blogs
Instant messaging
Printed reports
Specialized form of output
Electronic detection of data embedded in credit cards, bank cards and employee identification cards
4.2.9 TYPES OF REPORTS
DETAIL REPORTS
Produces one or more lines of output for each record processed
EXCEPTION RECORDS
Useful when the user wants information only on records that might require action, but does not need to know the details
SUMMARY REPORTS
Upper-level managers often want to see total figures and do not need supporting details
4.2.10 DESIGN REPORT PRINCIPLES
Column heading and alignment
Column spacing
Page headers and footers
Field order
Report headers and footers
Grouping detail lines
Repeating fields
Consistent design
4.1.4 SOURCE DOCUMENT
A form should indicate data entry positions clearly using blank lines or boxes and descriptive captions
Collects input data
Provides a record of the original transcation
4.1.3 USER INTERFACE COMPONENTS
Menu box
Tool bar
Command button
Dialog box
Text box
Toggle button
List box - scroll bar
Check box
Switchboard