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Digestive System Sofia Vasquez Period 6 - Coggle Diagram
Digestive System Sofia Vasquez Period 6
major functions of the digestive system
mechanical digestion
breaking down large pieces of food into smaller pieces
mastication
segmenation
peristalsis
chemical digestion
breaking down food into simpler chemicals absorbed by cells
absorption
chemically digest food moved from intestine into blood lympth
contains villi and macrovilli
absorbs water, proteins, carbs, fats, vitamins, and minerals
major organs of the digestive system
alimentary canal (Gi tract)
long irregularly shaped tube opened at both ends
mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small/large intestine,
accessory organs
teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gall balder, pancreas,
digestive enzymes
peptide- perform biological functions
amino acid - building blocks of protein
pepsine- digest proteins in undigested food
carbohydrates- provide energy
amylase- digestive enzymes, acts on starch found in food
fatty acids- energy storage
lipids- energy
glucose- energy
location of digestion and absorption of each macromolecule
small intestine
small intestine absorbs 90%
absorbs water, proteins, carbs, lipids, fats, vitamins, minerals
contains villi and microvilli for absorption
large intestine
absorbs 10%
water, vitamin K and B complex
layers of Gi Tract
mucosa- produces mucous
submucosa- areolar connective tissue containing major blood vessels
muscularis layer- muscle layer allows peristalsis and segmentation
stomach
cardia & fundus- enlarged opening next to the esophogus
body- central main part
pylorus- lower narrow section
disorders of the digestive system
GERD - stomach acid or bile irritates food pipe lining
Peptic ulcer disease - painful sores (ulcers) develop in lining of the stomach
stomach flu - intestinal infection, cramping diarrhea
inflammatory bowel disease- inflammation in digestive tract
irritable bowel syndrome - affects large intestine, cramping
constipation - bowel movement becomes less frequent