Digestive System Madeline Gaytan P.5
Major functions of the digestive system
Major organs of the digestive system
Digestive enzymes
Layers of the GI tract (including stomach)
Digestion breaks down food into smaller pieces which is then absorbed into the body
The activities involved in this process are ingestion, motility, mechanical digestion, chemical digestion, absorption, and defecation.
The digestive system ingests and digests food, absorbs released nutrients, and excretes food components
Mechanical digestion breaks down food substances into smaller particles to more efficiently undergo chemical digestion.
The main organs that make up the digestive system are the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus.
The hollow organs that make up the GI tract are the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus.
The liver, pancreas, and gallbladder are the solid organs of the digestive system.
The small intestine is the most important organ for the digestion of food.
All organs work together to digest and absorb food. The organs break down foods into smaller molecules so our body can use it for energy.
Pepsin, which is produced in the stomach.
Amylase, produced in the mouth. It helps break down large starch molecules into smaller sugar molecules
Trypsin, produced in the pancreas.
Pancreatic lipase, produced in the pancreas
Deoxyribonuclease and ribonuclease, produced in the pancreas.
Lipase breaks down lipids, which are fats and oils, into glycerol and fatty acids.
Protease breaks down proteins into amino acids.
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Location of digestion and absorption of each macromolecule
Digestive enzymes are enzymes that break down polymeric macromolecules into their smaller building blocks, in order to facilitate their absorption by the body.
The small intestine and the pancreas both produce a variety of digestive enzymes that are responsible for breaking down the many macromolecules found in the small intestine.
These membrane-bound organelles contain a variety of enzymes called hydrolases that can digest proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and complex sugars.
The small intestine is the site of most chemical digestion and almost all absorption.
Chemical digestion breaks large food molecules down into their chemical building blocks, which can then be absorbed through the intestinal wall and into the main circulation.
You begin to digest carbohydrates the minute the food hits your mouth.
Saliva releases an enzyme called amylase, which begins the breakdown process of the sugars in the carbohydrates you're eating.
Submucosa is the second layer supports the mucosa
Muscularis is the third layer is made of thick muscles
Mucosa is the first and innermost layer or lining.
Subserosa is the layer that contains supporting tissues for the serosa
Serosa. This is the last and outermost layer.
The digestive tract is made up of organs that food and liquids travel through when they are swallowed, digested, absorbed, and leave the body as feces. These organs include the mouth, pharynx (throat), esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus.
The structure of these layers varies, in different regions of the digestive system, depending on their function.
Layers of the stomach wall, among others, include serosa, muscularis, submucosa, mucosa
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is formed, with a few exceptions, by four concentric layers of tissue.
Disorders of the digestive system
Gastroesophageal reflux disease, occurs regularly, you may need to be evaluated for GERD
Intestinal problems, such as polyps and cancer, infections, celiac disease, Crohn disease, ulcerative colitis, diverticulitis, malabsorption, short bowel syndrome, and intestinal ischemia
IBS is the most common disease diagnosed by gastroenterologists and one of the most common disorders seen by primary care physicians.
Bloating & Excess Gas. Bloating could be a sign of several GI disorders, like Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), or food intolerance
PUD is an open sore in the lining of the stomach or upper part of the small intestine.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) refers to long-lasting inflammation in the digestive tract