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Digestive system Caden Maust P.6 - Coggle Diagram
Digestive system Caden Maust P.6
Layers of the GI Tract
Outermost layer: The Aventitia
Middle layer: Muscularis
underneath layer: Submucosa
Intermost layer: Mucosa
Organs of the digestive system
The Mouth: Amylase within the saliva begin to breakdown carbohydrates. Once food is chewed and soft it is pushed down to the esophagus by the tongue.
The esophagus: A muscular tube that connects your mouth to your stomach. The esophagus expands as food is swallowed.
The large intestine: A muscular tube approximately 5 feet long. It is divided into the cecum, colon, and rectum.
The small intestine: A muscular tube where the majority of food is digested. It is divided into 3 parts the duodenum, jejunum, and the ileum.
The pancreas: It assists the small intestine by secreting pancreatic juice which is made up of enzymes.
The stomach: A muscular pouch which is the receiver of of food from the esophagus and is then sent to your small intestine.
The liver: Produces bile which the small intestine uses in order to digest fats in food.
Gallbladder: Stores bile which is a yellow green fluid made up of salts, cholesterol, and lechitin.
Functions of the digestive system
Digestion and absorption: The breakdown of food into smaller and smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the body and used by its cells.
Ingestion: The process of consuming food.
Propulsion: The movement of food through the GI Tract.
Secretion: The process of digestive enzymes and other substances liquifies and adjusts pH, and chemically digests food.
Mechanical digestion: The physical breakdown of food into smaller molecules.
Chemical digestion: The chemical breakdown of food molecules by enzymes.
Defication: The elimination of undigested material through the anus.
Absorption: The movement of molecules from digestive tract to blood and lymphatic vessels.
Location of digestion of macromolecules
Carbohydrates: The mouth and small intestine
Proteins: Stomach and small intestines
DNA and RNA: Pancreas
Lipids: Small intestine
Digestive enzymes
Amylase: Produced in mouth.
Pepsin: Produced in stomach.
Trypsin: Produced in pancreas.
Pancreatic Lipase: Produced in pancreas.
Protease: Produced in stomach and small intestine.
Lactase: Produced in mouth and small intestine.
Maltase: Produced in mouth and small intestine.
Nuclease: produced in pancreas.
Disorders of the digestive system
Liver cancer
Stomach cancer
Renal cell carcinoma
Hepatitis
bartter syndrome
Renal system disease