Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
foreign policy - chapter 3 - Coggle Diagram
foreign policy - chapter 3
aims
straightforward and no grand plans to assert English power in Europe
national security
recognition of Tudor dynasty
defence of English trading interests
Brittany and France
Brittany was a fiefdom of France
following an invasion in 1487 it looked as if the French would gain complete control of Brittany which alarmed HVII who in 1489 summoned parliament to grant him extraordinary revenue to raise an army against the French.
England and Brittany agreed to the Treaty of Redon in 1489 - Duchess Anne would pay for a small English army to defend Brittany from a French threat.
Henry tried to strengthen his postion with Maximillian, the Holy Roman Emperor elect, Maximilian had contracted a marriage-by-proxy with Anne and had no desire for the Duchy of Brittany to fall into French hands
English army went to Brittany but Anne surrendered and married Charles VIII of France. - left English army marooned in Brittany and Maximillian lost interest - situation made worse by perkin warlock seeking French backing for his claim to English throne.
HVII recovered his position succesfully, launching an invasion of France in 1492 - may have appeared a gamble but he used his information from his agents that CVIII was more interested in launching an invasion in Italy and would seek a peace settlement with HVII
Treaty of Estaples 1492 - CVIII withdrew support for perkin warlock and paid a annual pension to HVII to compensate him for the expense of having recruited an army
BRITTANY AND FRANCE = SUCCESSFUL - IMPROVED FINANCIAL POSITION AND DEFENDED NATIONAL AND DYNASTIC INTERESTS
Burgundy and the Holy Roman Empire
bulk of Englands exports went through Netherlands eg Antwerp and Bruges which came under Burgundy jurisdiction
important for commercial reasons for good relations to be maintained
Margaret of Burgundy - sister of EIV and RIII and the leading upholder of the Yorkist cause, also enlisted support of her stepson in law Maximilian who became HRE 1493 and passed over jurisdiction of the Netherlands to his son Philip.
relations between E and B deteriorated when Max and Philip were offering support to perkin warbeck
HVII gambled that putting an embargo on English trade with burgundy would ease the matter
HVII showed himself prepared to sacrifice the commercial interests of London and east coast merchants - doing nothing for his popularity
relations did improve to an extent after warbeck left burgundy - HVII and P agreed on the Intercursus Magnus in 1496, bringing the trade embargo to an end
anglo-burundian relations became central to HVIIs foreign policy in 1504 following the death of Isabella of Castile. - led to treaty of Windsor and the Intercursus Malus where Philip agreed to hand over their Yorkist fugitive, Earl of Suffolk, who HVII imprisoned in the tower
Scotland
1495-96 - problems when James IV came of age and offered hospitality to warbeck. warbeck stayed for 2 years and received a pension from JIV and an aristocratic marriage. James encouraged warbeck across the border with an army, albeit a small one and received no support from the people of northumberland and retreated. This attempt led Henry to raise a larger army to launch an invasion of Scotland - although it prompted a tax rebellion the year later
1497- Cornish rebellion - large scale rebellion in Cornwall - in the interests of both England and Scotland to secure an immediate truce - took place at Ayton
1498 - anglo Scottish relations significantly improved - James no longer had diplomatic use for Warbeck who had become tiresome and he was executed in 1499.
1485-95 - anglo-Scottish relations were tense
1501-03 - it was agreed that James should marry Henry's daughter, the princess Margaret in 1502 - sanctioned by a formal peace treaty, the Treaty of Perpetual Peace and the marriage took place in 1503- improvements lasted until the end of Henrys reign