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Hyperglycemic Hypersmolar nonketotic syndrome - Coggle Diagram
Hyperglycemic Hypersmolar nonketotic syndrome
Diagnostic studies
Blood glucose
Test sodium, chloride, bicarbonate, protein
Water/ electrolyte levels
Clinical manifestations
Polydipsia
Confusion or sleepiness
Dry mouth
Polyurea
Warm and dry skin without sweating
Blood glucose levels above 600 mg/dl
Blurred version
Fever
Causes
Chronic condition while having diabetes
An infection like pneumonia or UTI
Treatment like glucocorticoid and diuretics
Notes taking diabetic treatment as prescribed
Improper control of blood sugar :
Treatment
Antipyretic
Loop diuretics
Insulin therapy
Thiazide diuretics
0.9% isotonic saline
Propranolol
Management
Give intravenous fluids
Intravenous administration of short-acting insulin
Replace electrolytes
Examination of mental status
Monitor and record fluid intake and output
Check central venous pressure (whenever stated)
Examination of blood glucose level
Examination of blood glucose and urine for ketones
Electrocardiogram examination
Analysis of cardiovascular and respiratory status
Pathophysiology
Reduces intravenous volume
Reduces glomerular filtration
References
www.verywellhealth.com
www.medscape.com
www.aafp.org Am Fam physician-2017 Dec 1
Definition
Is a disease resulting from very high blood glucose level