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macrovarcular complications - Coggle Diagram
macrovarcular complications
defination
are primary diseases of the coronary arteries, peripheral arteries and cerebrovasculature, the earlt macrovascular disease is associated with atherosclerotic plaque in the vasculature supplying blood to the heart, brain limbs and other organs
causes
unsulin resistance
excess free fatty acids
hyperglycemia
cliical manifestations
serious foot infection, may travel up the leg and infect bones. might result in amputation
chest pain
feeling of pressure in the chest
preventions
proper diet
regular physical activity
strict glycaemic and blood pressure control
discourage smoking habit
pathophysiology
macrovascular complications results from hyperglacaemia, excess free fatty acid and insulin resistance. there is increse in oxidative stress, protein kinase activation and activation of the receptor for advanced glycation end products.
nursing care plan
monitor urine albumin to serum creatinine for renal failure
monitor signs of hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia
checking blood pressure and blood glucose level at regular intervals
risk factors
hyperglycaemia