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Henry VII the consolidation of power - chapter 1 - Coggle Diagram
Henry VII the consolidation of power - chapter 1
Overview
became king after victory against RIII at the Battle of Bosworth (22nd August 1485)
HVII had an insecure grasp of power - had no discernible claim to the throne (descended through the female line represented by his mother and the line came from a child born before marriage so was seen as illegitimate.)
had lived abroad since he was 14 - sent into exile in France by his mother
RIII had already become a figure of suspicion after the disappearances of the princes in the tower (his nephews)
had not been brought up to be king (1471 - Edward IV reigned power for the house of York in the Battle of Tewkesbury in which many of HVIIs relations died or were executed) so HVII fled to France
although to historian THOMAS PENN, HVIIs ability to think like a fugitive proved to be useful political training for his future as a king
Establishing Tudor Dynasty
Perkin Warbeck - cloth trader from Tournai, had ability to attract patronage from foreign rulers, perhaps the most serious threat to HVII. 1491- impersonated Richard, Duke of York in Ireland, fled from the court of France to Margaret of Burgundy where he was trained as a potential Yorkist prince. 1495- first attempt to land in England = fiasco, HVII was forewarned about his plan by one of his royal agents and was quickly defeated to retreated to James IV of Scotland. (a costly event for HVII as one of the conspirators was Sir William Stanley who was HVIIs Lord Chamberlain). 1496 - small Scottish force crossed border but retreated and Warbeck's interests were soon sacrificed when HVII offered his daughter Margaret to JIV. Warbeck exploited the Cornish Rebellion in 1497 but surrendered to the King - HVII originally allowed him to stay at court but he tried to escape with the EofW and was then executed.
methods of consolidation
dated his reign from 21st August 1485 - the day before the BOB meaning that anyone fighting on the Yorkist side would be classed as a usurper
publicly rewarded his key supporters - conferred 11 knighthoods
detained the Earl of Warwick (Edward IVs nephew) who could have a much greater claim to the throne
arranged coronation to take place on 30th October, before the first meeting of parliament - his right to the throne was hereditary not because parliament sanctioned it
Acts of Attainder - Yorkists who fought at BOB land was surrendered to the crown + tonnage and poundage granted for life
married Elizabeth of York in jan 1486 - exploit royal propaganda and made the Tudor Rose - this also led to an heir (prince Arthur sept 1486)
Establishing Tudor Dynasty
Viscount Lovell and the Staffords 1486 - the first, rather minor, uprising against HVII. Lovell tried to raise a rebellion in RIIIs heartland (North Yorkshire) and Stafford tried to do the same in the Midlands. Lovell managed to escape the Kings forces but Stafford was captured and executed.
NOT THAT IMPORTANT
Lambert Simnel and Earl of Lincoln - Yorkists needed a figure head who would claim to be a Yorkist prince (Lambert Simnel pretended to be the Earl of Warwick who had been imprisoned by HVII) and financial military backing (Margaret of Burgundy paid for a force of mercenaries). John De La Pole (EofL) put together rebellion. - HVII reinstated the Earl of Northumberland to power in the North which neutralised RIIIs old power base.
LS and EofL led to Battle of Stoke Field 1487 - HVII gathered a group of advisors which included close relatives of former Yorkists who had been victims of RIII. the two armies met at East Stoke - HVIIs army, led effectively by Earl of Oxford, held firm and killed the Earl of Lincoln. HVIIs victory at BofSF was significant (brought end to wars of the Roses, HVIIs position became safer, HVII won due to a combo of his hard work, organisational skills and military leadership of his key supporters and the willingness of many landowners to support his cause.