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NERVOUS SYSTEM - Coggle Diagram
NERVOUS SYSTEM
CELLS
NEOROGLIA
MicroGlial Cells = act as the main source of immune defense against invading microorganisms in the brain and spinal cord (defend)
Ependymal Cells = line cavities in your brain and spinal cord and create, secrete and circulate cerebrospinal fluid that fills those cavities and cushions those organs.
Astrocytes = most abundant and versatile glial cells. They anchor neuron to their blood supply (support), and govern the exchange of materials between neurons and capillaries (regulate ions)
Oligodendrocytes Cells = wrap around neurons, producing an insulating barrier called the myelin sheath
NEURON
respond to stimuli and transmits signals. Information-processing and information-transmitting element of nervous system.
(around 100 billion neurons in nervous system)
- They're some of the longest-lived cells in your body
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- They have huge appetites (about 25% of the calories that you take in everyday are consumed by your brain's activity)
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- Multipolar Neurons (99% of neurons are multipolar)
- Bipolar (found only in few special sensory places like the retina of your eye)
- Unipolar (found mostly in sensory receptors)
FUNCTIONS
SPINAL CORD FUNCTION
Ventral root
Function: It contains only nerve fibres of motor neurones, which transmit nerve impulses from the spinal cord to the effectors.
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Dorsal root
Function: It coontains only nerve fibres of sensory neurones, which transmit nerve impulses from the receptors to the spinal cord
Grey matter
It is located in the inner region of the spinal cord and contains the cell bodies of relay neurons and motor neurons
White matter
It is located in the outer region of the spinal cord and contains the nerve fibres of sensory neurones.
Central canal
It is is filled with cerebrospinal fluid which helps maintain the structure of the spinal cord and provide the spinal cord withoxygen and nutrients.
BRAIN FUNCTION
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Hindbrain
Controls involuntary actions, eg heartbeat, peristalsis and the contraction and dilation of blood vessels
Controls muscular coordination, especially in maintaining balance
Forebrain
Concerned with intelligence, memory, learning and overall control of all voluntary action
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