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Japan is an archipelago, also referred to as a string of islands or an island country, that stretches for approximately 2,400 km through the western North Pacific Ocean, on the eastern edge of Asia.
The country consists of four main islands: : Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu and other 4,000 smaller islands. Japan is politically structured into 8 regions and 47 prefectures.
Japan is mostly mountainous and covered in forests. It also has 200 volcanoes, of which 60 are active. Earthquakes are common occurrences in Japan due to the fact that 3 tectonic plates meet on its surface and often move against one another.
Korea, Russia and China are Japan's closest neighbours.
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The current population of Japan is about 126,476,461 of which 91,7% live in urban areas. Their average life expectancy is of 85 years
They are characterized by their drive and willingness to work hard; they have strict work ethic and tend to work overtime since leaving on time is a sign of lack of commitment. Japanese society is organized into a hierarchy. They are very conscious about one’s age and status therefore they are taught to have a special respect towards authority figures. They are also inoculated with values such as selflessness, harmony,responsibility and politeness. They learn to do what's better for the greater good instead of looking for their own personal gain.
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Japanese cuisine is quite different from the ones in its surrounding nations. They base their diet out of rice, fish and vegetables while avoiding meat, fat and dairy. The amount of thought that they put into what they are eating is what keeps them healthy and makes them live, on average, longer than any other people in the world.
Japan's liberty of expression is not regulated or opposed by the government. The main media for communication is the internet as in many other countries
Japan Maintains Diplomatic relations with every United Nations member except for North Korea. Japan considers the U.K, France, Germany, Italy and Canada as allies. Along with the U.S. these countries work together to develop policies, treaties and handle global crises with the one and only objective to remain peaceful among the nations. Such as Japanese Prime Minister Yasuo Fukuda stressed "Japan aspires to become a hub of human resource development as well as for research and intellectual contribution to further promote cooperation in the field of peace-building."
Japan was first inhabited 30,000 years ago when people from Korea and syberia crossed by foot the bridges of land that (at the time) conected the countries. They formed the firsts Japanese societies, the Jomon and the Ainu, who survived out of hunting, fishing and gathering and were later joined by the Yayoi who came from Korea and China and implemented new methods for survival such as farming and tool making.
Emperors ruled Japan from 660 B.C. until the 12th century A.D. when military rulers known as the shoguns took control. Later on in 1543 Europeans arrived at the island bringing christianity, guns and making the shoguns completely close to the access and exit to the country for 200 years. The military regime was defeated in 1868 and emperors returned.
During World War I Japan fought on the side of the U.S. However this alliance collapsed after Japan bombed an american fleet in Hawaii (Pearl Harbour) in 1941 which led to years of confrontation. Japan finally surrendered after the U.S. dropped atomic bombs on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945.