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LESSON 9 + 10 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - married Catherine of Aragon, but no male heir. Wanted to married Anna Boleyn, but Pope didn't approve
        
        Act of Supremacy (1534), founded the Curch of England
        
        Married six times, but just one male son
  - - - King acted in interest of his people. New urban class are happy
  - - - financial and governament stability and end of feudal order
        
        founded the naval power during the
        Discovery of the America from Columbus, Magellan's circumnavigation, voyage of Vasco da Gama
        
        NEW POSSIBILITIES FOR ECONOMIC EXPANSION
        
        but it bringed to the war for waterways and for colonies (slave trade)
        
        Start the Slave trade from Plymouth in 1562 John Hawkins carried a cargo with africans slave for new word. Until 1567, with his cousin Francis Drake, made three voyages with 1200 and 1400 african slave
        
        Slave trade was a succes business. The Slave was bought like object and used in plantations and in mines
  - - - Henry VIII died
        
        Edward VI became the new king, but he was only 10 year's. A council ruled the contry, they supported the Reformation
        
        Mary I became queen (child of Henry VIII)
        
        She wanted to restore Catholicism. She persecuted and killed protestant people, and in 1554 she married with Philip II of Spain (fanatically Chatolic king). Finally, this involved in unpopular wars in France
        
        Mary died in 1558 without child. So her half-sister Elizabeth I became queen and restored the Protestantism to England
  - - - VS
      - York (white rose)
      - Lancaster (red rose)
      - Henry Tudor defeated King Richard III in 1485
        Lancaster won this war
        
        Henry married Elizabeth of York:
        
        the Tudor dynasty begins monarchy, stability, support of bourgeois class
- - - - The Catholic Church suppressed culture and free enquiry
        
        spread of learning helped with printing press of Gutemberg, in Englad by William Caxton in 1476
        
        New Latin version of bibble in 1516, by Erasmus
        
        Reinessance old beliefs was mixed with new ideas
  - - - The Renaissance in northern Europe was delayed by the Reformation, but in the England was better integrated
        
        The court of Elizabet have intellectual figures
        
        Expansion of knowledge in a lot fields
        
        during 14th century, Oxford and Cambridge have an expansion, also for classical cultures
- - - - surrounded with intelligent councillors. They became Privy Council, formed by 20 members
        
        1570 Pope Pius V excommunicated Elizabeth. Suppression of plots against her (Mary Stuart)
        
        Philip of Spain use Mary to secure power for himself. Elizabeth keep Mary alive, didn't won't a war againt Spain. Inevitable war with Spain, so Mary was executed 1587
        
        Naval warfare was a series of boardings by English pirates, for the precious metal plundered from America went to Spain
        
        Elizabeth supported Francis Drake for raids the Spaniards
        
        Final battle, 1588
        
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  - - - Edmund Spenser wrote The Faerie Queene.
        
        John Dee help for expansion
  - - - Elizabeth died in 1603, childless. Throne went to Mary's son. James VI became James I of england. Was first stuart king
        
        He believed in the divine right of king (descended from gods). Summoned Parliament for money
        
        Protestant minority opposed. The war with Spain ended
    - - Religion was a issue. In 05 was made an attempt on king and Parliament
        
        Guy Fawkes and conspirators, tried to blow up the Parlament
        
        Guy Fawkes was imprisoned and executed. This attempted is celebrated in 5th november, in England
    - - Puritians left England for Holland. They had high sense of duty and they disapproved the moral decline of thought England was falling.
        
        On 16 september 1620, "Pilgrim Fathers", left from Plymouth aboar the Mayflowers, and in november they reached Cape Cod. They named Plymouth Rock and established a colony