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MICROWAVE DIATHERMY - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Circular or rectangular emitter with air spacing.
        
        Circular emitter
        
        rays circular in cross-section and is
        
        more dense at the periphery than in the center
        
        Rectangular emitter
        
        beam is oval in cross-section and is of
        
        greatest density centrally.
        
        Rays diverge.
        
        Spacing
        – commonly between 10 and 20 cm / 2-6 cm.
        
        Small emitters
        
        for use in contact with the tissue and for the
        
        treatment of cavities
        
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      - Physiological effects
        
        Absorbed, transmitted, refracted or reflected
        
        Absorption of the waves results in
        the production of heat in the tissues
        by means of dipole rotation and molecular distortion.
        
        The effects deeper than infra-red irradiation,
        but less than shortwave diathermy.
        
        Microwaves are strongly absorbed by water
        so tissues with good blood supply
        such as muscle, moist skin, blood vessels, internal
        organs and eyes
        gets appreciable heating
        than tissue with low fluid content like fat.
        
        Physiological effects of heating is applicable.
        
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        Therapeutic effects
        
        A local rise in temperature (like SWD)
        
        Traumatic and inflammatory lesions
        
        increase in blood supply and
        
        relief of pain and muscle spasm are beneficial.
        
        Bacterial infections
        
        increase in blood supply
        
        brings more WBCs and antibodies and reinforces the body’s normal defence mechanism.
        
        Effective for in the
        
        superficial tissue and
        
        those of high fluid content
        
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        Danger of Microwave Diathermy
        
        Burns
        patient sensation is the primary guide to the
        intensity. Remove the metal objects.
        
        Poor technique
        
        Inability of tissues to dissipate heat
        
        Inability of patient to detect heat
        (decreased thermal sensation)
        
        Treatment over areas with surface or implanted metal.
        
        Treatment of moist open wounds, or over wet dressings - water concentrates microwaves.
        
        Treatment near the eyes, including sinuses and
        temporomandibular joint
        
        Exacerbation of symptoms following treatment of:
        
        Inflammatory conditions
        
        Infective disorders
        
        Areas of increased fluid tension such as bursitis, oedema, synovial effusion.
        
        Haemorrhagic condition – menstruation is unlikely to be affected.
        
        Severe cardiac disease
        
        Cardiac failure due to electric shock or
        interference with cardiac pacemakers.
        
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        Contraindications
        
        Malignant growth
        
        Tuberculosis infection
        
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        Technique of application
        
        Preparation of apparatus:
        
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        Dosage
        
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  - - - Radiation with a
        wavelength of 69 cm and a
        frequency of 433.92 MHz.Also 327 mm (915 MHz)
        – North America.
        
        image