Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
biological and environmental influences on development - Coggle Diagram
biological and environmental influences on development
physical development from prenatal to adolescence
development from conception till birth
physical developments
all the body parts forming
very vulnerable to harmful influences
drugs
alcohol
development through prenatal stage
the prenatal environment
teratogens
drugs
tobacco, alcohol
dangerous as mother to be may not be aware of her pregnancy and still smoke/ drink, much of the critical development also lies in embryonic stage. Realising the situation after would have already compounded much of the effects
thalidomide
diseases
environment agents
greater dosage and greater duration = more likelihood of serious damage
influence of teratogens on child is based on both mother and child genotype, some are more resistant to teratogens
environment pre and postnatal also affects how teratogen can influence the child
each body part has a sensitive period where it develops rapidly, but it is in this process where teratogens can really damage it.
organgenesis (week 3-8)
week 3-6 for heart
week 4-7 for arms and fingers
germinal
points of conception till 2nd week
grows till about 250 cells
fetal
ninth week till birth
organs and other structures continue to develop
brain develops rapidly
embryonic
third to the 8th week after conception
most organs and structures are developed by this period
reproductive organs are developed
types of studies developmental psychs use
twins
identical (same genes)
living in the same household (same environment)
living in different households
fraternal (different genes)
living in the same household
living in different households
understanding share vs non shared environment
social environment outside of the household/disorders that could influence the development
adoption
family
gene environment interaction
the idea that the effects of genes depend on what kind of environment we experience, and how we respond to the environment depends on what genes we have.
stressful major life events can result in depression, and individuals who have genes predisposing them to developing depression are more likely to become depressed under such circumstances
diathesis stress model
gene environment correlation
the idea that the individual’s genetic makeup influences the kinds of experiences the individual will seek and have
outgoing individuals are more likely to go to more parties than introverted individuals in part because outgoing individuals will seek out such environments.
children can influence the parents, children's predisposed hate for food may make parents angry and treat them worst
passive
environment provided by the parents, which reinforces their genotype.
studious parents will create a studious environment for the child(who is studious too), which reinforces that genotype
evocative
individual's genes evoke a certain reaction which correlates with the individual
others may provide books for him seeing that he likes to read
active
actively providing the environment change for themselves
child looks for studious people, places
impossible to separate the influences in a single individual
adoption studies
if they are more similar to their biological parents, genetic influence is stronger
if they are more similar to their adoptive parents, environmental influences are stronger